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Disease and Defense > Tissue Repair and Hemodynamics > Flashcards

Tissue Repair and Hemodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

_______ dominates acute DIC; ________ dominates chronic DIC

A

Bleeding; thrombus

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2
Q

_______ hydrostatic pressure and/or _______ oncotic pressure can cause net leakage of fluid out of the circulation and into the tissues

A

increased; decreased

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3
Q

_______ pressure drives fluid from the capillary into the interstitial space at the arterial end

A

Hydrostatic

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4
Q

_______ pressure: increased plasma protein concentration due to fluid leaving the vessel causes fluid to be pulled back into the vessel at the venous end

A

Oncotic

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5
Q

_______ stimulates contraction of the gall bladder

A

Cholecystekinin (CCK)

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6
Q

A _____ (normal/cirrhotic) liver appears brown and spongy

A

normal

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7
Q

A ______ occurs when a scar crosses a joint

A

contracture

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8
Q

A ______ scar is raised beyond boundary of wound and may contract over time

A

hypertrophic

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9
Q

A ______ scar is raised beyond boundary of wound and may contract over time

A

keloid

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10
Q

A _______ is characterized by aggressive fibromatoses and benign neoplasm

A

Desmoid tumor

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11
Q

A free floating, intravascular mass of a solid, liquid, or gas

A

Embolus

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12
Q

Active increase in blood flow due to arteriolar dilation

A

Hyperemia

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13
Q

Arteriolar dilation leads to _______ (Increased hydrostatic pressure/decreased oncotic pressure)

A

increased hydrostatic pressure

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14
Q

Blood clot in a vessel that obstructs flow that is attached focally

A

Thrombus

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15
Q

Endothelial neo-vascularization and fibroblast proliferation are characteristic of ______ repair phase.

A

Infrastructure

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16
Q

Extravasation of fluid into spaces

A

Effusion

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17
Q

Extravasation of fluid into tissues

A

Edema

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18
Q

Failure of heart to pump an adequate amount of blood or to generate an adequate blood pressure

A

Cardiogenic shock

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19
Q

Fluid overload leads to _______ (Increased hydrostatic pressure/decreased oncotic pressure)

A

increased hydrostatic pressure

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20
Q

Generalized activation of clotting leading to widespread thrombosis, followed by high risk of hemorrhage

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

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21
Q

Heart attack leads to _______ (Increased hydrostatic pressure/decreased oncotic pressure)

A

increased hydrostatic pressure

22
Q

Low protein production leads to _______ (Increased hydrostatic pressure/decreased oncotic pressure)

A

decreased oncotic pressure

23
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Atherosclerotic plaque of aorta, iliac, carotid arteries, Organ affected- Legs, brain, GI tract, kidney, Clinical outcome- Stroke, tissue necrosis in leg, GI pain and bleeding, kidney injury

A

Atheroemboli

24
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Deep leg veins, arm veins, organ affected- lungs, clinical outcome-Respiratory insufficiency, chest pain

A

Venous Thromboemboli

25
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Diving (nitrogen), IV, IA, chest trauma, Organ affected- Muscle, joints, lungs, heart, Clinical outcome- Bends (skeletal and joint pain) chokes (lung edema and hemorrhage), respiratory insufficiency, myocardial ischemia

A

Gas Bubbles

26
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Heart, aorta, carotid artery, Organ affected- Legs (75%), brain (10%), Clinical outcome- Stroke, tissue necrosis in the leg

A

Arterial Thromboemboli

27
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Long Bone fractures with venous damage, Organ affected- lungs, Clinical outcome- Respiratory insufficiency 1-3 days post trauma, mental status changes

A

Fat/Bone Marrow Embolus

28
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Mucin-secreting adenocarcinomas, liver, kidney, Organ affected- lungs , Clinical outcome- Respiratory insufficiency, chest pain

A

Tumor

29
Q

Name the embolus: Cause/Source- Torn placental membranes, uterine vein rupture, Organ affected- lungs, brain, vasculature, Clinical outcome- Respiratory insufficiency, shock, seizures, DIC, 10% of maternal deaths

A

Amniotic Fluid

30
Q

Name the infarct: arterial insufficiency

A

White

31
Q

Name the infarct: dense tissue

A

White

32
Q

Name the infarct: dual blood supply

A

Red

33
Q

Name the infarct: heart, kidney, spleen

A

White

34
Q

Name the infarct: loose tissue

A

Red

35
Q

Name the infarct: lung, liver, intestine

A

Red

36
Q

Name the infarct: no reperfusion

A

White

37
Q

Name the infarct: reperfusion occurs

A

Red

38
Q

Name the infarct: single blood supply

A

White

39
Q

Name the infarct: venous insufficiency

A

Red

40
Q

Name the type(s) of shock: arterial vasodilation, causing hypotension and warm, flushed skin

A

Septic shock

41
Q

Name the type(s) of shock: coolness and pallor of skin, tachycardia, decreased urine output

A

Cardiogenic/Hypovolemic

42
Q

Name the type(s) of shock: low blood pressure and low cardiac output lead to vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, and renal conservation of fluid

A

Cardiogenic/Hypovolemic

43
Q

Name the type(s) of shock: not responsive to IV fluids

A

Septic shock

44
Q

Name the type(s) of shock: vascular leakage, causing hypotension and edema

A

Septic shock

45
Q

Name the type(s) of shock: venous blood pooling, causing reduced cardiac output and increased heart rate

A

Septic shock

46
Q

Not enough blood volume to widely perfuse all tissues; low cardiac output due to low blood return to the heart

A

Hypovolemic shock

47
Q

Pathologic accumulation of blood due to impaired outflow of venous blood

A

Congestion

48
Q

Protein loss leads to _______ (Increased hydrostatic pressure/decreased oncotic pressure)

A

decreased oncotic pressure

49
Q

Re-epithelialization and organ regeneration are characteristic of the _____ repair phase

A

Suprastructure

50
Q

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) resulting from microbial infection

A

Septic shock

51
Q

Venous obstruction/compression leads to _______ (Increased hydrostatic pressure/decreased oncotic pressure)

A

increased hydrostatic pressure

52
Q

Virchow’s Triad

A

Endothelial Injury, Abnormal Blood Flow, Hypercoagulability

Disease and Defense (16 decks)

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