Skin Infections and Infestations Flashcards
______ Atopic dermatitis: characteristic involvement of flexural skin: antecubital fossa, popliteal fossa, neck, wrists, ankles
Childhood
______ Atopic dermatitis: dry, red scaly areas confined to cheeks
Infantile
______ Atopic dermatitis: eyelids and Hands showing xerosis, ichthyosis vulgaris
Adult
Antibiotics known to commonly trigger allergic contact dermatitis
Bacitracin, neomycin
Atopic dermatitis presents on the ______ surfaces and results, in part, from ______ mutations.
Flexor, filaggrin
Candida are _____-eating fungi that most commonly cause ______.
glucose and serum; thrush (oral candidiasis)
Cause of seborrheic dermatitis
Malassezia furfur
Cause of stasis dermatitis
Lower extremity edema
Cause of Syphilis
Treponema pallidum
Causes of Cellulitis
Beta-hemolytic strep, haemophilus influenza, Staph aureus
Causes of Impetigo
Beta-hemolytic strep, Staph aureus
Dermatophytes are _____-eating fungi that cause ______ infections
keratin; tinea
Drug-induced exanthems usually begin___ days after starting a medication
7 to 14
KOH prep: diagnosis of _______
fungal infections
Location of seborrheic dermatitis.
Scalp
Location of stasis dermatitis.
Lower legs
Mineral oil: diagnosis of ______
scabies
Psoriasis can be associated with ______ (3)
Psoriatic arthritis, heart disease risk, metabolic syndrome
Psoriasis presents on the ______ surfaces and may serve as an independent risk factor for _______.
Extensor, heart disease
Tzanck smear: diagnosis of ______
Herpesviruses
Viral exanthems are most common in _____ (100%) with high risk also in _____.
Mononucleosis; HIV
What pathology? adult louse is easily found attached to bases of hairs
Genital lice
What pathology? asymptomatic tan scaly macules that may develop into patches with truncal distribution, caused by _______
Tinea versicolor; malassezia furfur
What pathology? barrier disrupted skin due to filaggrin mutations, elevated IgE and eosinophilia
Atopic Dermatitis
What pathology? common skin disease at any age, majority before age 5, associated with xerosis and history of atopy (asthma, allergic rhinitis)
Atopic Dermatitis
What pathology? erythematous papules and thin plaques with scale, involving the dermis and epidermis, often bilaterally
Stasis dermatitis
What pathology? erythematous papules with wavy threat-like burrows with symmetric distribution, especially in interdigital webspace of hands, flexural wrist, waist, genitalia, buttocks
Scabies
What pathology? grouped vesicles on an erythematous base in a dermatomal distribution
Zoster (Shingles)
What pathology? grouped vesicles on an erythematous base resulting from an enveloped dsDNA virus
HSV
What pathology? histology shows hyperproliferation of epidermis with elongation of rete ridges
Psoriasis
What pathology? honey-colored lesion with yellow crust most commonly affecting the face
Non-bullous impetigo
What pathology? hyperkeratotic papillomas with punctuate black dots
HPV
What pathology? Hyperlinearity of palms
Atopic Dermatitis
What pathology? ill-defined, non-palpable area of painful erythema, most commonly with lymphangitic streaking
Cellulitis
What pathology? Infestation accentuated at night or by hot baths/showers
Scabies
What pathology? initially erythematous maculopapular rash; thin walled vesicles on erythematous base with different stages of development present
Varicella
What pathology? intense pruritis and erythematous papules, especially on trunk, caused by infestation
Body lice
What pathology? Intense pruritis limited to genital hair, caused by infestation
Genital lice
What pathology? intense pruritis with erythema and scaling limited to scalp, nape of neck and behind ears
Head lice
What pathology? Manifests as a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T -cell reactions
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
What pathology? manifests as a immediate type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE antibodies
Urticaria
What pathology? may have bullae, pustules, or hemorrhagic necrosis as well as systemic symptoms
Erysipelas
What pathology? nits are tan-brown oval eggs attached to hair shafts
Head and Body lice
What pathology? non-enveloped dsDNA virus typically manifesting as verruca vulgaris
HPV
What pathology? Non-pruritic papulosquamous lesions that may have scaling and moth-eaten alopecia
Syphilis
What pathology? Primary lesion of a papule that produces an oval indurated ulcer, followed by split papules at oral commissures and annular face lesions
Syphilis
What pathology? Scaly erythematous plaques frequently on hands, elbows, forearms, knees, and feet
Psoriasis
What pathology? sharply demarcated area of erythema with non-pitting edema most commonly confined to the face
Erysipelas
What pathology? Superficial flaccid blister that may have pus that progresses to collapsed blisters with varnish-like appearance
Bullous impetigo
What pathology? Type IV delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions usually start 24-48 hours after exposure but can be delayed longer, most are weak allergens that require repeat exposure for sensitization
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
What pathology? warm, tender, erythematous patches or plaques, involving the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, typically unilaterally
Cellulitis
