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Disease and Defense > Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacology > Flashcards

Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

COX-__ is activated constitutively.

A

1

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2
Q

Acetaminophen is different from tNSAIDs in that it has no _______ effect

A

anti-inflammatory

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3
Q

Acetaminophen overdose can be treated with _______.

A

acetylcysteine

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4
Q

Alcoholic liver disease may be a contraindication for which drug?

A

acetaminophen

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5
Q

Aldosterone _______ reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubules of the kidney and _______ secretion of protons and potassium ions

A

increases; increases

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6
Q

Aspirin is different from tNSAIDs in that it has a ________ effect

A

anti-aggregatory

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7
Q

Aspirin is different from tNSAIDs pharmacodynamically in that it binds ________.

A

irreversibly

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8
Q

Cardiovascular disorders may be a contraindication for which drug?

A

celecoxib

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9
Q

Chronic renal insufficiency is a contraindication most significantly for which drug?

A

aspirin

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10
Q

Coagulation disorders are a contraindication for which drugs?

A

aspirin and tNSAIDs

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11
Q

COX-__ in platelets has a/an ___-coagulatory effect

A

1; pro

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12
Q

COX-___ in endothelial cells has aan ___-coagulatory

A

2; anti

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13
Q

GI irritation is a contraindication for which drugs?

A

aspirin and tNSAIDs

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14
Q

Glucocorticoids _____ production of mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone

A

decrease

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15
Q

Glucocorticoids _____ vasodilation and ______ fluid exudation

A

decrease; decrease

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16
Q

Glucocorticoids ______ (induce/inhibit) COX-___.

A

inhibit; 2

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17
Q

Glucocorticoids ______ (induce/inhibit) lipocortins, which _____ (induce/inhibit) _______

A

induce; inhibit; Phospholipase A2

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18
Q

Glucocorticoids ______ accumulation and activation of inflammatory and immune cells

A

decrease

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19
Q

Glucocorticoids ______ healing and ______ immunoprotection

A

decrease; decrease

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20
Q

Greatest suppression of ACTH secretion at pituitary

A

Dexamethasone

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21
Q

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression occurs with extended use of _______.

A

glucocorticoids

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22
Q

In endothelial cells, COX-___ promotes vaso_____ and has ____-aggregatory effects

A

2; dilation; anti

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23
Q

In kidneys, COX-__ maintains renal blood flow, which is critical in the elderly and those with compromised renal function

A

2

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24
Q

In platelets, COX-__ has ___-aggregatory effects.

A

1; pro

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25
In the ductus arteriosus, COX-___ the patent ductus arteriosus is maintained by vasodilation
2
26
In the GI tract, COX-___ _______ acid secretion, _______ mucous/bicarbonate production, has cytoprotective effects, and _______ smooth muscle contractions
1; decreases, increases, increases
27
In the hypothalamus, COX-___ is involved in fever production.
2
28
In the kidneys, COX-__ _____ renal blood flow and promotes diuresis
1; increases
29
In uterine smooth muscle, COX-___ promotes labor contractions.
2
30
In vascular smooth muscle, Cox-1 produces prostaglandins that promote vaso______ and thromboxanes that promote vaso_____.
dilation; constriction
31
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids: ______ gluconeogenesis
increase
32
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids: _______
increase
33
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids: _______ amino acid uptake into liver and kidney
increase
34
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids: _______ protein synthesis
decrease
35
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids: _______ uptake of glucose by fat cells
decrease
36
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids: transfer of amino acids from _______ to the ____
muscle and bone; liver
37
Most common oral agent for steroid burst therapy
prednisone
38
Most potent anti-inflammatory agent
dexamethasone
39
No anti-mineralocorticoid activity
triamcinolone and dexamethasone
40
Potent system agent with excellent topical activity
Triamcinolone
41
Pregnancy is a contraindication for which drugs?
aspirin, tNSAIDs, and celecoxib
42
Prostacyclin is important for vaso_____ and ___-aggregation
dilation; anti
43
Prostaglandin-related side effect: _______: COX-1 and COX-2 in kidney cells
renal dysfunction
44
Prostaglandin-related side effect: _______: COX-1 in gastric cells
ulceration and bleeding
45
Prostaglandin-related side effect: _______: COX-2 in endothelial cells
Increased thrombotic events
46
Prostaglandin-related side effect: _______: COX-2 in uterine smooth muscle
Delayed labor
47
Sulfa-allergies may be a contraindication for which drug?
celecoxib
48
Supratherapeutic acute doses of which drug can cause dizziness, excitement, and disorientation?
acetaminophen
49
The following symptoms suggest over dose of which drug? Headache, dizziness, diarrhea, tinnitus, visual disturbances, mental confusion, drowsiness, sweating, thirst, hyperventilation
aspirin
50
The following symptoms suggest over dose of which drug? vomiting, sweating fever, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis
aspirin
51
Therapy strategy that lessens growth-suppressive effect because anti-inflammatory actions last longer than suppressive effect on HPA axis
Alternate Day Therapy
52
Therapy strategy that minimizes rebound of disease; also uses to allow for recovery of HPA axis
Tapered Withdrawal
53
Thromboxane is important for vaso_____ and ____-aggregation
constriction; pro
54
Thromboxane-related side effect: _______: COX-1 in platelets
Increased bleeding risk
55
Use in children younger than 12 with viral infection is a contraindication for which drug?
aspirin
56
Used if parenteral administration is desired for steroid burst
methylprednisone
57
Which drug is safest for overdose: aspirin, tNSAIDs, or acetaminophen?
tNSAIDs
58
Which drugs can have bleeding as a side effect?
aspirin and tNSAIDs
59
Which drugs can have clotting as a side effect?
celecoxib
60
Which drugs can have GI upset as a side effect?
aspirin and tNSAIDs
61
Which drugs can have labor suppression as a side effect?
aspirin, tNSAIDs, and celecoxib
62
Which drugs can have renal dysfunction as a side effect?
aspirin, tNSAIDs, and celecoxib
63
Which drugs do not target COX-1?
Acetaminophen and Celecoxib
64
Which glucocorticoid agents can be administered topically?
hydrocortisone, triamcinolone, and dexamethasone

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