Thorax Respiration Flashcards
What are the two anatomical divisions of the respiratory system?
•Upper respiratory tract
•Lower respiratory tract
What are the two functional divisions of the respiratory system?
•Conducting portion
•Respiratory portion
The nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and pharynx make up what part of the anatomical divisions of the respiratory system?
Upper respiratory tract
The larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs make up what part of the anatomical divisions of the repiratory system?
Lower respiratory tract
What are the components of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
•Nose
•Nasal cavity
•Pharynx
•Larynx
•Trachea
•Airways from bronchi to terminal bronchioles
What are the components of the respiratory portion of the respiratory system?
•Respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts
•Alveoli
What is the tubular structure that extends from the larynx inferiorly for 12-14 centimeters into the mediastinum?
Trachea
What structure lies immediately posterior to the trachea?
Esophagus
What is the tubular organ extending from the pharynx to the stomach?
Esophagus
The esophagus passes through what opening in the diaphragm?
Esophageal hiatus
The esophagus lies immediately anterior to what structures?
Vertebral bodies
What two sphincters are associated with the esophagus?
•Superior esophageal sphincter
•Inferior esophageal sphincter
What characteristics do all the bronchi of the lungs share?
•Incomplete cartilage rings
•Complete ring of smooth muscle
What structures keep the trachea patent?
C-shaped tracheal cartilages
What type of tissue lines the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
At what level does the trachea bifurcate?
Level of the Sternal angle
What are the bifurcations of the trachea?
Primary bronchi
What is the most inferior keel shaped cartilage of the trachea?
Carina
What is the highly branched system of air conducting passages that originate from the left and right primary bronchi and branch into narrower tubes as they diverge throughout the lungs before entering the terminal bronchioles?
Bronchial tree
Which primary bronchus is more likely to have foreign objects fall lodge in it?
Right