Head And Neck 1 Flashcards
What are the two main divisions of the skeleton?
•Axial skeleton (80)
•Appendicular skeleton (126)
What are the two main divisions of the skull?
•Cranium
•Face
What cavity within the cranium holds the brain?
Cranial cavity
What bones make up the cranial cavity?
•Frontal
•Parietal
•Temporal
•Occipital
•Sphenoid
•Ethmoid
What is a synonym for skullcap?
Calvaria
What bone forms part of the calvaria the forehead and the roof of the orbits?
Frontal bone
What part of the skull do the parietal bones form?
Lateral walls and roof
What part of the skull do the temporal bones form?
•Inferior lateral walls
•Part of the floor of the cranium
What bone forms the posterior portion of the skull and the base of the cranium?
Occipital bone
What bone of the skull has a butterfly shape and unites the cranial and facial bones?
Sphenoid bone
What bone of the skull lies between the orbits and forms the anteromedial floor of the cranium?
Ethmoid bone
What are sutures?
Fibrous articulations between bones of the skull
What articulation between three of these bones occurs anteriorly in a frontal plane?
Coronal suture
What articulation can be seen running along the midline in this view?
Sagittal suture
What suture lies between the parietal bone and temporal bone on each side?
Squamosal suture
What suture appears on the posterior aspect of the skull between the parietal and occipital bones?
Lambdoidal suture
What bones occasionally appear within the sutures of the skull?
Sutural bones
What cavities hold the eyeballs?
Orbits
What two large openings lie within these cavities?
•Superior orbital fissure
•Inferior orbital fissure
Within what cavity of the skull does air pass through on its way to the lungs?
Nasal septum
What structure divides it into right and left halves?
Nasal septum
What scroll shaped bones are visible on the inferior lateral walls of this cavity?
Nasal conchae
What is a synonym for the brow ridges?
Superciliary arches
What cavities lie within the frontal bone?
Frontal sinus
What part of the temporal bone holds the middle and inner ear?
Petrous region
What opening occurs here for blood vessels and nerves?
Internal acoustic meatus
What is the posterior region of the temporal bone?
Mastoid region
What prominence in this region that lies posterior to the ear serves as the insertion for the sternocleidomastoid and contains air cells?
Mastoid process
What region of the temporal bone surrounds the bony external opening of the ear?
Tympanic region
What thin point of bone here serves as an attachement for several hyoid and tongue muscles?
Styloid process
What opening does the facial nerve pass through on the inferior surface of the skull?
Stylomastoid foramen
What opening does the internal carotid artery pass through here?
Carotid canal
What region of the temporal bone forms the superior lateral flat area of the bone?
Squamous region
What bony process projects anteriorly from the temporal bone toward the zygomatic bone?
Zygomatic process
What shallow depression appears on the inferior aspect of the temporal bone and forms the articulation with the mandible?
Mandibular fossa
What is the opening for the ear?
External auditory canal
What is the flat posterior region of the occipital bone?
Squamous part
What region of the occipital bone forms the base of the cranium?
Basilar region
What is the large circular opening for the spinal cord?
Foramen magnum
What are smooth rounded projections on the left and right sides of this large opening?
Occipital condyles
What is the opening for cranial nerve XII?
Hypoglossal canal
What bony prominence can be easily palpated on the midline of the occipital bone?
External occipital protuberance
What bony prominence can be found on the internal aspect of the posterior occipital bone?
Internal occipital protuberance
What superior horizontal line projects laterally from the external occipital protuberance?
Superior nuchal line
What is the thick medial part of the sphenoid?
Body
What cavities lie within the sphenoid?
Sphenoidal sinuses
What projections of the sphenoid lie superior to the superior orbital fissure?
Lesser wings
What projections of the sphenoid lie inferior to the superior orbital fissure and can be seen in a lateral view of the skull?
Greater wings
Within the sphenoid what is the depression holding the pituitary gland?
Hypophyseal or pituitary fossa
What is the bony enclosure of this depression?
Sella turcica
Through what opening of the sphenoid does the optic nerve pass?
Optic foramen
What three foramina penetrate the greater wings of the sphenoid?
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
What projections of the sphenoid provide attachment surfaces for some muscles that move the lower jaw and soft palate?
Medial and lateral pterygoid plates
What is the superior midsagittal elevation of the ethmoid?
Crista galli
What horizontal structure of the ethmoid separates the cranial and nasal cavities?
Cribriform plate
Through what openings do the olfactory nerves pass?
Cribriform foramina
What are these cavities?
Ethmoidal sinuses
What parts of the ethmoid hold the cavities?
Lateral masses
What part of the ethmoid forms the medial wall of the orbits?
Orbital plate
What scroll like extensions of the ethmoid project medially into the nasal cavity?
Superior and middle nasal conchae
What is a synonym for the zygomatic bones?
Cheekbones
What bony projections of the zygomatic bones contribute to the zygomatic arches?
Temporal processes
What other two processes articulate the zygomatic bone with surrounding bone?
Maxillary process
Frontal process
Where bone forms the anterior medial orbital wall?
Lacrimal bones
What depression in the lacrimal bones contribute holds the lacrimal sac?
Lacrimal groove
What bony enclosure surrounding the nasolacrimal duct?
Nasolacrimal canal
What bones of the face form the bridge of the nose?
Nasal bones
What facial bone articulates with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid to form the nasal septum?
Vomer
What is the scroll shaped bone of the inferior lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
Inferior nasal concha
What is a synonym for the nasal conchae?
Turbinate bones
What l shaped bones of the face form the posterior third of the hard palate the posterior lateral portion of the nasal cavity and a portion of the orbit?
Palatine bones
What portion of the palatines forms the posterior third of the hard palette?
Horizontal plate
What part of the palatine forms the posterior lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
Perpendicular plate
What part of the palatine forms a small part of the floor of the orbit?
Orbital process
What bone holds the upper teeth and forms the anterior two thirds of the hard palate and the floor. Of the orbit?
Maxilla
What part of the maxilla forms the floor of the orbit?
Orbital surface
What opening within the maxilla do the infraorbital artery and nerve pass through?
Infraorbital foramen
What part of the maxilla holds the upper teeth?
Alveolar process
What part of the maxilla forms the anterior two thirds of the hard palate?
Palatine process
What large cavity lies within this bones?
Maxillary sinus
What is the only bone of the lower jaw?
Mandible