Abdomen Part 4 Flashcards
What muscles origin is iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament, insertion transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and the twelfth rib, action flexes the vertebral column laterally and extends the vertebral column?
Quadratus lumborum
What muscles origin is transverse process of L1-L5, insertion lesser trochanter of femur, action flexes hip rotates thigh laterally flexes vertebral column?
Psoas major
What muscles origin is body disc and transverse process of L1, insertion superior pubic ramus, action flexes vertebral column?
Psoas minor
The aortic arch leads immediately into what other segment of the aorta?
Descending thoracic aorta
Once the descending aorta passes through the diaphragm it is known as what?
Abdominal aorta
At what level of the vertebral column does the aorta end?
L4
The aorta terminates by bifurcating into what two arteries?
Left and right common iliac arteries
What two arteries form an extensive anastomosis which supplies the anterior abdominal wall?
Superior and inferior epigastric arteries
What blood vessels carry blood to and from the diaphragm?
Superior and inferior phrenic arteries
What unpaired blood vessels arises from the abdominal aorta and splits into three branches that supply the stomach part of the duodenum and the liver and the spleen?
Celiac trunk
What artery supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach?
Left gastric artery
What artery supplies the spleen?
Splenic artery
What branch of the celiac trunk supplies the liver and related organs?
Common hepatic artery
What unpaired artery emerges from the abdominal aorta and supplies most of the small intestine the pancreas and the proximal part of the large intestine?
Superior mesenteric artery
What arteries supply the kidneys?
Renal arteries
What arteries supply the gonads?
Gonadal arteries:
•Testicular arteries
•Ovarian arteries
What unpaired artery emerges from the abdominal aorta and supplies the transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon and rectum?
Inferior mesenteric artery
How do veins differ structurally from arteries?
•Less smooth muscle
•Valves
What blood vessel returns blood from the lower limbs and pelvis and perineum and abdominal structures to the right atrium of the heart?
Inferior vena cava
What veins drain the kidneys?
Renal veins
What veins drain the gonads?
Gonadal veins
What is a system of veins that begins and ends in capillaries?
A portal system
What large vein receives oxygen poor nutrient rich blood from the GI tract and delivers it directly to the liver?
Hepatic portal veins
What are the three main tributaries of the hepatic portal vein?
•Inferior mesenteric vein
•Splenic vein
•Superior mesenteric vein
What veins carry blood from the liver into the inferior veins cava?
Hepatic veins
What are the closed ended tubes which are found among blood capillary networks and which work to collect excess interstitial fluid?
Lymphatic capillaries
What structures of the lymphatic system resemble veins in that they have three tunics and valves?
Lymphatic vessels
What lymphatic organs are connected to lymph vessels and work to filter foreign or pathogenic material from lymph?
Lymph nodes
What structure collects lymph from the right upper extremity the right side of the head and neck and the right side of the thorax and returns it to the blood at the junction of the right internal jugular vein and the right subclavian vein?
Right lymphatic duct
What structure collects lymph from the left side of the head and neck left upper extremity left thorax and all body regions inferior to the diaphragm?
Thoracic duct
What rounded sac-like structure lies at the base of the thoracic duct?
Cisterna chyli
What are small round or oval structures that are located along the pathways of lymph vessels?
Lymph nodes
What is the organ of exchange between a mother and a fetus?
The placenta
What structure carries blood between the fetus and the placenta?
The umbilical cord
The umbilical arteries of the fetus become what structures after birth?
Medial umbilical ligaments
What structure carries blood from the placenta to the fetus?
Umbilical vein
The umbilical vein of the fetus becomes what structure after birth?
Round ligament of the liver
The umbilical vein enters the body of the fetus through the umbilicus and goes to the liver there it delivers some blood to the liver the remainder of the blood is taken to the inferior vena cava by what blood vessel?
Ductus venosus
