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Anatomy > Thorax 1: Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thorax 1: Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

what is the thorax?

A

cranial trunk between neck and abdomen

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2
Q

what is the thoracic cavity?

A

protected by the rib cage and limited caudally by the diaphragm

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3
Q

what is the rib cage?

A

bony structure formed by the ribs, thoracic vertebrae and sternum

protects the thoracic cavity and part of the abdominal one

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4
Q

what is the origin of the levatores costarum?

A

transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae

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5
Q

what is the insertion of the levatores costarum?

A

lateral surfaces and cranial borders of the dorsal ends of the ribs located caudal to the vertebral origin

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6
Q

what is the innervation of the levatores costarum?

A

intercostal nerves

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7
Q

what is the action of the levatores costarum?

A

to draw the ribs cranially in inspiration and/or to produce rotation and lateral flexion of the vertebral column

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8
Q

what is the origin of the intercostales externi?

A

caudal borders of the ribs

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9
Q

what is the insertion of the intercostales externi?

A

cranial borders and lateral surfaces of the caudal rib

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10
Q

what is the innervation of the intercostales externi?

A

intercostal ribs

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11
Q

what is the action of the intercostales externi?

A

to draw the ribs cranially in inspiration

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12
Q

how do the fibers extend in the intercostales externi?

A

CAUDOventrally

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13
Q

what is the origin of the intercostales interni?

A

cranial borders of the ribs

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14
Q

what is the insertion of the intercostales interni?

A

caudal borders of the preceding ribs

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15
Q

what is the innervation of the intercostales interni?

A

intercostal nerves

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16
Q

what is the action of the intercostales interni?

A

to pull the ribs caudally during expiration

17
Q

how do the fibers extend in the intercostales interni?

A

CRANIOventrally

18
Q

what is the origin of the retractor costae?

A

transverse processes of the first 3 or 4 lumbar vertebrae

19
Q

what is the insertion of the retractor costae?

A

caudal borders of the last rib

20
Q

what is the innervation of the retractor costae?

A

lumbar nerves

21
Q

what is the action of the retractor costae?

A

to retract the last rib during expiration

22
Q

what is the origin of the transversus thoracis?

A

the sternal ligament at the midline

23
Q

what is the insertion of the transversus thoracis?

A

cartilages of the ribs from 2nd to 8th

24
Q

what is the innervation of the transversus thoracis?

A

spinal nerves

25
Q

what is the action of the transversus thoracis?

A

it draws the ribs caudomedially, assisting in expiration

26
Q

what is the origin of the rectus thoracis?

A

ventral region of the 1st rib

27
Q

what is the insertion of the rectus thoracis?

A

by an aponeurosis to the origin of rectus abdominis

28
Q

what is the innervation of the rectus thoracis?

A

intercostal nerves

29
Q

what is the action of the rectus thoracis?

A

to advance the ribs cranially during inspiration

30
Q

what are the origins of the diaphragm?

A

-costal regions –> costal arch
-sternal region –> xiphoid cartilage
-lumbar region –> ventral surface of the lumbar vertebrae by two crura

31
Q

what is the insertion of the diaphragm?

A

central tendon –> radiated fibers

32
Q

what is the innervation of the diaphragm?

A

PHRENIC NERVE

33
Q

what is the action of the diaphragm?

A

increases the volume of the thoracic cavity during inspiration

34
Q

what happens during inspiration of the diaphragm?

A

central portion moves caudally during contraction

volume of the thoracic cavity increases

ribs move dorsally and cranially to expand ribcage, cranial lift of sternum

35
Q

what happens during expiration of the diaphragm?

A

central portion moves cranially with relaxation

decrease the volume of thorax, elastic recoil of lungs expel air

ribs move ventrally and caudally to compress ribcage, sternum compresses caudally and dorsally

36
Q

what is the dorsal blood supply of the thoracic wall?

A

dorsal intercostal branches off aorta

37
Q

what is the ventral blood supply of the thoracic wall?

A

ventral intercostal branches off internal thoracic

Anatomy (31 decks)

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