Gut Development and the Peritoneum Flashcards
what will the foregut become?
stomach, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, 1/5 duodenum
what will the midgut become?
remaining duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending and 2/3 transverse colon
what will the hindgut become?
1/3 transverse colon, descending and sigmoid colons, rectum
what is the parietal pericardium derived form?
parietal layer of lateral plate mesoderm
what is the visceral pericardium derived from?
visceral layer of lateral plate mesoderm
what is the peritoneum?
single serous layer of flattened mesothelial cells supported by a fibroelastic CT that attaches to body wall, diaphragm and visceral structures
what is the peritoneum derived from?
intraembryonic ceolom just like the pericardium and pleura
what is the peritoneal cavity?
space enclosed by the peritoneum
what is the peritoneal fluid?
secreted by mesothelial cells into the cavity, which allows layers of peritoneum to glide against one another
vital for GI motility and prevention of viscera from attaching to the abdominal wall
what is peritoneal fat?
often stored below or between peritoneal layers
what is the mesentery?
double layer of peritoneum that forms as a result of the invagination of the peritoneum by an organ
what is intraperitoneal?
organs that are suspended from the dorsal abdominal wall within peritoneal reflections
what is retroperitoneal?
organs that are directly joined to the abdominal wall
what is parietal peritoneum?
lines the walls
what is visceral peritoneum?
directly contacts the organs
what does the dorsal mesentery allow for?
allows the intestines to move as a normal part of digestion without the bowel becoming twisted or blocked
what does the greater omentum do?
prevents adhesion between abdominal viscera (organs) and the ventral abdominal wall
also functions to prevent spread of infection from perforations of the intestines; seals off site of perforation
what are the SNS and PNS innervations for the celiac trunk/foregut?
SNS: celiac ganglion
PNS: vagus (X)
what are the SNS and PNS innervations for the cranial mesenteric artery/midgut?
SNS: cranial mesenteric ganglion
PNS: vagus (X)
what are the SNS and PNS innervations for the caudal mesenteric artery/hindgut?
SNS: caudal mesenteric ganglion
PNS: pelvic splanchnic nerve
what are the 4 basic functional alimentary layers?
1) mucosa
2) submucosa
3) muscularis externa
4) adventitia (rough) or serosa (smooth)
describe the lamina propria in the GI layers
CT layer with immune cells
describe the submucosa in the GI layers
CT layer with blood vessels and glands
describe the muscularis mucosa in the GI layers
contracts the mucosa and consists of multiple smooth muscle layers
describe the muscularis externa in the GI layers
moves luminal content, 2 sub-layers of muscle, inner circular, outer longitudinal
inner circular –> acts as a series of sphincters to restrict luminal flow
what is the myenteric plexus?
a component of the enteric nervous system
