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Kol- Pharm 323 Spring > Things I cant remember questions Exam 2 > Flashcards

Things I cant remember questions Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which drug do we not use longer than 72 hours?

A

nitroprusside (Nitropress)

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2
Q

Causes direct relaxation of arteriole smooth muscle

A

hydralazine (Apresoline)

A = arteriole = hydrAlAzine

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3
Q

Causes venous and arteriolar dilation

A

nitroprusside (Nitropress)

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4
Q

drug of choice for HTN emergency

A

nitroprusside (Nitropress)

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5
Q

drug causes toxic accumulation of thiocyanate

A

nitroprusside (Nitropress)

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6
Q

drug to give if someone has reflex tachycardia

A

BB

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7
Q

Direct vasodilators for HTN vs Direct Vasodilators for HF

A

HTN:

  • nitroprusside (Nitropress)
  • hydralazine (Apresoline)

HF:
-isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) and hydralazine
____________________________________

Broken heart = ISOlated
HTN = drugs H and N

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8
Q

RAAS for HF vs RAAS for HTN

A

HF:

  • Ace Inhibitor
  • Aldosterone Receptor Blocker
  • ARB
  • ARNI- sacubitril/valsartan (Ernesto)

HTN:

  • ACE Inhibitor
  • Aldosterone Receptor Blocker
  • ARB
  • Direct Renin Inhibitor -aliskiren (Tekturna)
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9
Q

You have to be off an ACE inihibotr for 36 hours before starting this drug

A

ARNI-sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto)

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10
Q

How does HCN channel fx and whats the prototype? what does it treat?

A

ivabradine
FXN: slows HR by inhibiting channels in the SA Node (decrease conduction)
HF

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11
Q

compare ARB fxn to Ace inhibitor fxn

A

ARB: blocks receptors for AT2

ACE inhibitor: stops AT 1 turning into AT 2

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12
Q

Which RAAS drug blocs the entire RAAs system

A

direct renin inhibitor aliskiren (Tekturna)

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13
Q

How does an ace inhibitor slow progression of kidney disease?

A

Decrease Angiotensin II –> vasodilation of the efferent arteriole –> pressure in glomerulus fall–> slows the progression to chronic kidney disease

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14
Q

Angioedema and dry cough- which class of drugs and which one does you the most dirty?

A

RAAS

-Ace inhibitor

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15
Q

Who is centrally acting- alpha 2 adrenergic agonist or alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist

A

Alpha2 Adrenergic Agonist- clonidine

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16
Q

Which drug is a patch that is changed every 7 days

A

Alpha2 Adrenergic Agonist- clonidine

17
Q

Side effect is SLE syndrome

A

isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) and hydralazine

18
Q

Giving loading doses of this cardiac glycoside is called, why do it?

A

digitalization

half life of 1/5 days –> get up to therapeutic dose

19
Q

cardiac glycoside is first or second line therapy for hf?

A

second line!

20
Q

Which drug do you Start with small doses 1/10 or 1/20 and doubled every 2 weeks

A

Adrenergic Agents: Beta Blockers

Prototype: “lols” -Metoprolol XL (Lopressor, Topol XL)

21
Q

Adrenergic Agents: Beta Blockers HTN vs HF vs Angina

A

HTN/Angina: Metoprolol
HF: Metoprolol XL (Lopressor, Topol XL)

XL=succinate = long acting

22
Q

PRN pill for reduce HTN w/in 30 minutes

A

Alpha2 Adrenergic Agonist: clonidine (Catapres)

23
Q

Ca Channel Blockers: HTN or HF or Angina?

A

HTN, Angina

24
Q

HCN Channel Blocker- HTN or HF?

25
Q

Only drug that treats HF, HTN, and Angina

26
Q

Ca Channel blocker for Angina vs HTN

A

Angina - Diltiazem

HTN- Verapamil, Nifedipine

27
Q

No grapefruit juice (3)

A

ranolazine (Ranexa) - angina
diltiazem (Cardiazem) /Ca Channel blocker- Angina
Atorvastatin- HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors- lipid lowering

DAR
-Emily Gilmore would not serve grapefruit juice at a DAR meeting

28
Q

match chronotrope, dromotrope, and inotrope with contractility, conduction, and HR

A

positive dromotrope = increase conduction
positive chronotropic = increase hr
positive inotrope= increase contractility

Drome= conduct
bad conduct sends you to Detention

Ino- contract
I no wanna sign a contract

Chrono= rate
Chrono = chronological = rate

29
Q

List the antiplatelets

A
  1. aspirin
  2. ADP (clopidegrel)
  3. PAR 1 (vorapaxar)
  4. glycoprotein 2A/3B (acbixmab)
30
Q

List the anticoag

A
  1. Heparin/LMW
  2. Vit K (Warfarin)
  3. Xa - (Apixaban/Rivoraxban)
  4. Thrombin - (Dabigatran)
31
Q

Therapeutic levels Labs for heparin vs labs for warfarin

A

HEPARIN :

  • APTT: 60-80
  • XA: .3-.7

WARFARIN:

  • PTT: 12-24
  • INR : 2-3
32
Q

stop clopidrogrel/plavix (ADP) before surgery?

A

only if cardiologist approves

33
Q

don’t mix these drugs with liver disease

A
  1. HMG Coa (statin)

2. Apixaban/Rivoroxaban (Anticoag- XA inihib)

34
Q

DM pts: monitor Glucose levels closely & look for other signs of HYPOGLYCEMIA.

A

Alpha/Beta : carvedilol (HTN)

35
Q

first dose orthostatic HTN so we give the med at nighttime

A

prazosin
(Alpha 1 agonist- HTN)

Ace inhibitor

Kol- Pharm 323 Spring (41 decks)

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