Oxygenation- Bronchodilators

Question 1

List 3 classes of bronchodilators

Answer 1

1. Beta 2 Adrenergic Agonist (long and short acting)
2. Anticholinergic
3. Methylxanthines

Question 2

What is the difference b/w SABA and LABA?

Answer 2

short acting = albuterol = rescue

long acting = salmeterol = prevention

Question 3

How does beta 2 adrenergic Agonists work?

Answer 3

-Sympathomimetics = emergency life-saving drugs

FXN: Act by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle; resulting in bronchodilation

Question 4

What is the drug of choice for bronchoconstriction?

Answer 4

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

Question 5

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists end in what?

Answer 5

-terol!

Question 6

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists are divided based on what?

Answer 6

• Divided based on onset and duration of action:
  
  • Short acting (SABA) (albuterol)
  • Long acting (LABA) (salmeterol)

Question 7

Tell me about the duration and orders for Albuterol (proventil HFA)

Answer 7

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

• Onset : immediate
• Peak 30-60 min
• order every 6 hours w/in hospital for maintenance

Question 8

Tell me about orders and frequency of LABA Salmeterol

it is never used as a ________

Answer 8

Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

• Used for PREVENTION
• Never used as monotherapy–> increased risk of death
  
  • usually combined with glucocorticoid
• Not PRN, fixed schedule taken daily

Question 9

which respiratory drug when used alone can increase risk of death ?

What drug should you use it with?

Answer 9

Salmeterol (Servent Diskus)
(Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists- “terol”)

-use with glucocorticoid

Question 10

SE of Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 10

tachycardia, tremors, palpitations, angina (usually occurs with high doses)

Question 11

Special consideration for Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 11

Tolerance may develop

Question 12

Prototype for Anticholinergic Respiratory drugs?

Answer 12

Prototype: Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Question 13

Tell me about orders and onset for Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Answer 13

Anticholinergic
-Typical order: ipratropium neb with albuterol neb Q 6 hrs

• Onset: 30 seconds
• Peak: in 3 min
• Duration: 6 hours

Question 14

Side effects of Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Answer 14

.Anticholinergics

dry mouth, irritation of pharynx

Question 15

Ipratropium (Atrovent) is contraindicated in which patient populations

Answer 15

Anticholinergic

• Contraindicated if peanut allergy (10% affected)
• Contraindicated with glaucoma as it can raise IOP

Question 16

aminophylline (Somophyllin) is prototype for which respiratory class?

Answer 16

bronchodilator

Methylxanthines

Question 17

how is aminophylline (Somophyllin) given?

Answer 17

-SLOW IV administration

Question 18

Theophylline (Theodur) is prototype for which class of resp. drugs?

Answer 18

bronchodilator

Methylxanthines

Question 19

Route forTheophylline (Theodur)

Answer 19

oral

(bronchodilator

Methylxanthines)

Question 20

2 special consideration for Theophylline (Theodur)

Answer 20

bronchodilator -Methylxanthines

1. Narrow window for therapeutic level
2. NO SMOKING on drug