Oxygenation- Anti-inflammatory Flashcards
List 5 classes of anti-inflamm resp drugs
- Glucocorticoids
- Leukotriene modifiers
- Mast cell stabilizers
- Monoclonal Antibodies
- Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor
What class does beclomethasone fall under and what is its fxn?
Glucocorticoid- Anti-inflammatory
-Suppress inflammation to treat Asthma and COPD
Route of administration for beclomethasone?
Glucocorticoid- Anti-inflammatory
1.Inhaled: used daily as prevention
Effects:
-Little to no systemic effects (inhaled)
-May take 1-4 weeks to reach full effect
- Oral/IV: given for acute bronchoconstriction
- Prednisone (oral)
- methylpredisone (Solumedrol) IV
Side effects of inhaled glucocorticoid?
(anti-inflammatory, prototype beclomethasone)
SE: adrenal suppression, candidiasis, dysphonia
How do you transition from oral to inhaled glucocorticoids
(anti-inflammatory, prototype beclomethasone)
- be on both drugs for a while, then taper off oral
- risk adrenal crisis so must be done slowly
What class is Montelukast (Singulair) and wha is its fxn
Leukotriene Modifiers- Anti-Inflammatory
Used to reduce inflammation
-Act by modifying the action of leukotrienes
(>important in the inflammatory response resulting in edema, inflammation and bronchoconstriction)
Is Montelukast (Singulair) used for prevention or rescue? route/onset?
prevention
- PO Daily
- Maximal effects develop within 24 hours of first dose
Side effect of Montelukast (Singulair)
Leukotriene Modifiers- Anti-Inflammatory
neuropsychiatric effects
what class is Cromolyn (Intal) and what is its fxn?
Mast Cell Stabilizers- Anti-inflammatory
Inhibits mast cells from releasing histamine and other chemical mediators of inflammation
is Cromolyn (Intal) used for rescue or prevention?
Mast Cell Stabilizers- Anti-inflammatory
Prevention
Cromolyn (Intal) route and onset?
Mast Cell Stabilizers- Anti-inflammatory/Allergic Rhinitis Preventer
Route: Inhaler, nebulizer
Onset: several weeks
What can happen if you stop Cromolyn (Intal) suddenly? what are the side effects?
Mast Cell Stabilizers- Anti-inflammatory
- Rebound bronchospasm is stopped abruptly
- SE: cough and bronchospasm
What class of drugs is Omalizumab (Xolair) and how does itt fxn?
Monoclonal Antibody- Antiinflammatory
FXN: Binds to IgE in the body
What does Omalizumab (Xolair) treat?
Monoclonal Antibody- Antiinflammatory
-Severe, persistent allergic asthma to dust mites/dander not controlled by high dose steroids
Which anti-inflammatory resp. drug is given by sub q injection every 2-4 weeks? Why does this med suck?
Omalizumab (Xolair)
$10,000/ year cost!
(Monoclonal Antibody- Antiinflammatory )
is Omalizumab (Xolair) for rescue or prevention?
prevention!
Monoclonal Antibody- Antiinflammatory
Omalizumab (Xolair) side effects?
(Monoclonal Antibody- Antiinflammatory )
SE: viral infections, URI, sinusitis, headache, injection site response
*Serious SE: anaphylaxis (observe for 2 hours after first few doses then 30 minutes for following doses)
What class of drug is Roflumilast? How does it fxn?
Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) Inhibitor - Anti-Inflammatory
-It blocks the action of an enzyme (PDE4) that breaks down cAMP resulting in decreased release of inflammatory mediators
Indication for using roflumilast?
Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) Inhibitor - Anti-Inflammatory
Indication: Severe COPD with chronic bronchitis
Side effects of Roflumilast?
Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) Inhibitor - Anti-Inflammatory
Common SE: loss of appetite, weight loss
Serious SE: psychiatric effects (anxiety, depression, suicide)
Which two anti-inflammatory resp. drugs have psych effects?
- Montelukast (Singulair)
Leukotriene Modifiers
2.roflumilast
Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) Inhibitor
