Therapuetic Exercise Flashcards
What is the time dependent property of soft tissue that results in resistance to stretch when initially applied, but allows for tissue elongation as the stretch is held for longer durations but returns to previous length after stretch is no longer applied?
Viscoelasticity
What is the property of soft tissues that allows for tissue elongation even after a stretch is no longer applied?
Plasticity
What are different words for stress and strain?
stress - force
Strain - deformation
What is the term for soft tissue that is stretched for sustained duration elongating tissues and not returning to original length after load has been removed?
Creep
What is stress-relaxation?
The longer a stretching force is maintained the more tension within the tissues decreases, therefore less force is required to maintain the same tissue length
What is the Toe region, elastic region, and plastic region on a stress-strain curve?
Toe: initial stress that results in wavy collagne fibers becoming straight and aligning
Elastic: added stress to tissue resulting in greater deformation, though tissues return to resting length if stretch force is not maintained. Tissues with greater stiffness will have steeper slope in this portion of the curve
Plastic: the addition of more stress results in permanent deformation even after the stretch force is no longer applied due to failure of bonds between the collagen fibers.
Static stretching leads to less activation of what?
muscle spindles
With PNF stretching the principles of what result in greater gains in muscle flexibility (NOT CONNECTIVE TISSUE TIGHTNESS) as a result of muscular contraction?
Principles of autogenic or reciprocal inhibition
What do the perimysium, epimysium, and endomysium surround?
Endomysium: innermost CT layer surrounding individual muscle fibers
Perimysium: CT that grounds bundles of muscle fibers (fasiculus)
Epimysium: outermost CT layer surrounding entire muscle
What are subunits of muscle fibers?
Myofibrils which are composed of sarcomeres
How does the force-velocity relationship vary with concentric and eccentric contractions?
Concentric: as speed increases, force of contraction decreases
Eccentric: as speed of contraction increases, force of contraction increases
What is torque?
the ability of an external load to produce rotation around an axis, calculated by multiplying the magnitude of the load by the moment arm
What is work?
the magnitude of load multiplied by the distance the load is moved
What type of fiber type remodeling happens with strength training?
remodeling from IIB to IIA
