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NPTE - MSK > Pathology I > Flashcards

Pathology I Flashcards

1
Q

How do degenerative changes begin in the Achilles tendon?

A

Hypovascularity

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2
Q

What demongraphic has the highest incidence of achilles ruptures?

A

30-50 years old with no history of calf or heel pain and commonly participate in recreational activities

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3
Q

What are the differences in timeline and casting for surgical and non-surgical repair of the achilles tendon?

A

Non-surgical: serial casting for 10 weeks followed by heel lift for 3-6 months
Surgical:: cast for 6 to 8 weeks

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4
Q

How long will it take for someone to return to their previous functional level after and achilles tendon rupture?

A

6-7 months

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5
Q

What types of foot posture increase risk for Achilles Tendonitis?

A

Pronated or Cavus foot (high arch)

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6
Q

What portion of the tendon is most often impacted with Achilles Tedonitis?

A

the avascular zone located 2-6cm above the insertion of the tendon

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7
Q

Why should the therapist avoid overstretching and elevating pain levels in adhesive capsulitis?

A

because it can result in further loss of motion

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8
Q

What orthopedic intrinsic disorders can initiate the process of adhesive capsulitis?

A

supraspinatus tendonitis, partial tear of rotator cuff, and bicipital tenonitis

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9
Q

What planes of motion are typically MOST restricted with adhesive capsulities (2)?

A

Abduction and external rotation

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10
Q

What 3 ligaments resist inversion of the ankle?

A

ATFL, CFL, and PTFL

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11
Q

What does the PTFL specifically resist?

A

Posterior translation of the talus, strongest lateral ligament

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12
Q

Resistive exercises for what muscles should be included in treatment of a lateral ankle sprain?
Why?

A

Fibulars muscles since they provide dynamic stability to the ankle

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13
Q

How long will a typical patient take to recover from a lateral ankle sprain?

A

2 to 6 weeks

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14
Q

What is the most frequent cause of Anterior compartment syndrome?

A

trauma

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15
Q

What is the path and attachments of the ACL?

A

runs from the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle in the intercondylar notch

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16
Q

Laxity rarely occurs in soley a straight plane with ACL tears so how is it often classified?

A

Anterolateral or Anteromedial

17
Q

What structures are also often injured with an ACL tear?

A

2/3 of time there is an accompanying meniscal tear.

Sometimes MCL

All three is unhappy triad

18
Q

Are CKC or OKC more desirable after ACL repair and why?

A

CKC because they minimize anterior translation of the tibia

Quad set on towel roll: will bring tibia anterior
Wall slide: tibia is fixed on ground, moving femur

19
Q

How long will it take people to return to their previous functional level following an ACL repair?

A

4-6 months

20
Q

What repeated shoulder motion can lead to bicipital tendonitis?

A

repeated abduction with external rotation, due to direct trauma to the tendon with this motion

21
Q

A catching or slipping sensation of the biceps muscle with bicipital tendonitis may indicate what?

A

a tear of the transverse humeral ligament

22
Q

How long does it take for someone to return to activities with bicipital tendonitis?

A

6 to 8 weeks

23
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for a Colles’ Fracture?

A

FOOSH

24
Q

What structure is damages in a Colles’ Fracture? And how is it displaced?

A

Radius

Displaced Dorsally –> “Dinner Fork” deformity in more severe cases

25
Q

What are 2 things that might be seen clinically with Congenital Hip Dysplasia?

A
  1. Asymmetries in hip abduction with tightness

2. Apparent femoral shortening of involved side.

26
Q

What is a Longitudinal Limb Deficiency?

What is a Transverse Limb Deficiency?

A

A longitudinal limb deficiency refers to a reduction or absence of element(s) within the long axis of the bone
–>so like a smaller femur or missing fibula

A transverse limb deficiency refers to a limb that has developed to a particular level beyond which no skeletal elements exist
–> no bones beyond where the deficiency is

27
Q

At what age would surgery be considered for a child with congenital torticollis?

A

over one year

28
Q

What might be the first sign of congenital torticollis?

A

A firm, non-tender enlargement of the SCM muscle visible at birth or within the first few weeks

29
Q

What are the majority of congenital limb deficiencies caused by?

A

GENETIC or idiopathic

NPTE - MSK (39 decks)

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