Therapeutics

Question 1

Semisolid emulsion of oil in water
Contain emulsifier & preservative
High water content
Cool & moisturise
Non greasy
Easy to apply
Cosmetically				acceptable

Answer 1

Cream

Question 2

Semisolid grease/oil (soft paraffin)
No preservative
Occlusive and emollient
Restrict transepidermalwater loss
Greasy - lesscosmetically 					attractive

Answer 2

Ointment

Question 3

Liquid formulation
Suspension or solution of medication in water, alcohol or other liquids
If contain alcohol, may sting
Treat scalp, hair-bearing areas

Answer 3

Lotion

Question 4

Thickened aqueous lotions
Semi-solids, containing high molecular weight polymers eg methylcellulose
Treat scalp, hair bearing areas, face

Answer 4

Gels

Question 5

Semisolids
Contain finely powdered material eg ZNO
Stiff, greasy,difficult to apply
Protective,occlusive,hydrating
Often used in cooling, drying, soothing bandages

Answer 5

Paste

Question 6

How much emollient should you prescribe?

Answer 6

250-500g weekly

Question 7

How much does a non-proprietary emollient cost?

Answer 7

£3 per 500g
(e.g. soft paraffin, emulsifying ointment, aqueous cream)

Non-proprietary cost £5-12

Question 8

Corticosteroid mode of action?

Answer 8

Vasoconstrictive
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-proliferative

Question 9

Mild steroid

Answer 9

Hydrocortisone

Question 10

Moderate steroid

Answer 10

Clobetasone butyrate

Modrasone

Question 11

Potent steroid

Answer 11

Betamethasone valerate

Question 12

Very potent steroid?

Answer 12

Clobetasol propionate

Question 13

Medication you could use in lichen planus?

Answer 13

Steroid

Question 14

How much ointment do you need to cover whole body?

Answer 14

20-30g

Question 15

Side effects of topical steroids

Answer 15

Steroid rosacea
Perioral dermatitis
Fixed telangiectasia

Question 16

rinse/soak/bath use in acute exudative eczema, pompholyx

Answer 16

Potassium permanganate

Question 17

Abx for acne? (CET)

Answer 17

Clindamycin
Erythromycin
Tetracycline

Question 18

Abx for rosacea?

Answer 18

Metronidazole

Question 19

Abx for impetigo?

Answer 19

Mupirocin

Fusidic acid

Question 20

Treatment for pityriasis versicolour?

Answer 20

Anti-yeast

Question 21

What are keratolytics used for?

Answer 21

Used to soften keratin:

• viral warts
• hyperkeratotic eczema and psoriasis
• corns and calluses
• to remove keratin plaques in scalp

Question 22

Example of a keratolytic?

Answer 22

Salicylic acid 10-40%

Question 23

Treatment of warts?

Answer 23

Mechanical paring plus
Keratolytics  e.g.Salicylic acid
Formaldehyde
Glutaraldehyde
Silver nitrate
Cryotherapy (usually                            liquid nitrogen)
Podophyllin (genital warts)

Question 24

Podophylin

Answer 24

Used for genital warts

Question 25

Menthol
Capsaicin
Camphor/phenol
Crotamiton

Answer 25

Anti-pruritis

camphor/phenol for pruritis ani

Question 26

Topical psoriasis treatments?

Answer 26

Coal tar
Vitamin D analogue
Keratolytic
Topical steroid
Dithranol

Question 27

Side effects of dithranol?

Answer 27

Irritant and stains normal skin

vitamin D can be irritant

Question 28

When could you use imiquimod?

Answer 28

Solar keratoses
Lentigo maligna
Bowen’s disease
Verrucae

Question 29

Why might you use tacrolimus in children?

Answer 29

Avoids some of the side effects of steroids

Question 30

Treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis?

Answer 30

Coal tar
Vitamin D analogues
Dithranol

Question 31

Treatment for scalp psoriasis

Answer 31

Greasy ointments to soften scale
Tar shampoo
Steroids in alcohol base
Vitamin D analogue

Question 32

Treatment for psoriasis in axilla?

Answer 32

Topical steroid for face, flexure and groin/genitals