Allergy

Question 1

Interleukins produced by helper T cells?

Answer 1

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

Question 2

Anaphylaxis

Answer 2

Severe, life-threatening, generalised or systemic hypersensitivity reaction.
characterised by life-threatening problems involving:

• the airway (pharyngeal or laryngeal oedema) and/or
• breathing (bronchospasm with tachypnoea) and/or
• circulation (hypotension and/or tachycardia)

In most cases, there are associated skin and mucosal changes

Question 3

Investigations for anaphylaxis?

Answer 3

Specific IgE (RAST) – specificity & sensitivity 70-75%
Skin prick or prick-prick testing
Challenge test
Serum mast cell tryptase level (during anaphylaxis)

Question 4

When can you do a challenge test?

Answer 4

When skin prick test is negative

Question 5

Adrenaline autoinjector

Answer 5

For anaphylaxis
Pre-loaded adrenaline syringe
300µg adults
150µg children
All patients should be prescribed 2 pens

Question 6

Sodium chromoglycate?

Answer 6

Mast cell stabiliser

Question 7

Drugs which can cause direct mast cell degranulation

Answer 7

Morphine
Aspirin
NSAIDS

Question 8

Non-allergic reactions

Answer 8

Not mediated by IgE (Coeliac’s, eosinophilic gastroenteritis)
Direct mast cell degranulation (Morphine, Aspirin, NSAIDs)
Metabolic (lactose intolerance)
Toxic (Scombroid fish toxin)

Question 9

Allergic contact dermatitis hypersensitivity type?

Answer 9

Type 4

Question 10

Where would you be affected if you had a garlic contact dermatitis?

Answer 10

On the first three fingers of a hand, depending on which hand you use to hold it while you cut (lol)

Question 11

Chemical which causes reaction to henna?

Answer 11

PPD (its in henna)

Question 12

Reasons for a lichenoid reaction?

Answer 12

Gold crown, amalgam fillings

Question 13

Allergic contact dermatitis gold standard testing?

Answer 13

Patch testing