Theme 19: Respiratory Physiology 1

Question 1

What is acute mountain sickness?

Answer 1

Altitude sickness, happens because there is a different pressure of oxygen

Question 2

what does High altitude reduce?

Answer 2

oxygen pressure

Question 3

What is partial pressure?

Answer 3

part of the total barometric pressure, same amount of each gas % of oxygen

Question 4

True or False: Solubility rises as temperature increases.

Answer 4

False, solubility falls

Question 5

For water as a respiratory medium, do fish use their secondary lamella or alveolus?

Answer 5

secondary lamella

Question 6

True or false: Mammals use their alveolus as a gas exchanger when using air as a respiratory medium.

Answer 6

true

Question 7

True or False: Fish utilize 80% and Mammals use 20% of the O2 in their respectable respiratory mediums.

Answer 7

False, 80% = fish, 25% = mammals

Question 8

What is needed to move blood?

Answer 8

Hemoglobin

Question 9

Is diffusion faster in water or air?

Answer 9

air

Question 10

What happens in pneumonia?

Answer 10

diffusion of blood is slowed down because there is too much fluid in the pathway and the movement of oxygen cant happen

Question 11

What is diffusion?

Answer 11

moving from a region of high concentration (partial pressure) to a region of lower partial pressure, an evening out of the concentration and partial pressure

Question 12

What is it called when a molecule passes from a region of high concentration (partial pressure) to lower partial pressure?

Answer 12

Diffusion

Question 13

What things can diffuse (states)?

Answer 13

Gas (easiest)
Liquid
Solid (very slow)

Question 14

What drives diffusion?

Answer 14

partial pressure gradient (the difference between the two) and this is high in air and low in mitochondria

Question 15

What is the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere?

Answer 15

approximately zero

Question 16

What is diffuseion the main mechanism for?

Answer 16

delivery of oxygen to cells

Question 17

why is rate of diffusion faster in a gas than fluid or solid?

Answer 17

the molecules are not as tightly packed

Question 18

What is vertebrate respiration?

Answer 18

exchange of O2 and CO2 with the primary gas exchange medium (water or air), then transport into a secondary medium (blood)

Question 19

What are the two convective pumps used in vertebrate respiration?

Answer 19

Buccal Cavity / Chest Wall

Heart

Question 20

What are the two diffusion barriers in vertebrate respiration?

Answer 20

gills

lings

Question 21

What does the mechanism of the respiratory pump depend on?

Answer 21

• phyologeny of the vertebrate (whether its a fish, amphibian, reptile, bird or mammal)
• primary gas exchange medium (air / water / both)

Question 22

What is the cardio - respiratory system?

Answer 22

oxygen from environment and delivers it to tissues

Question 23

Does the percentage composition of the atmosphere change with altitude?

Answer 23

No, but barometric pressure does which influences the pressures of gases in the mixture

Question 24

What is the most prevalent of the gas components of the atmosphere?

Answer 24

N2

Question 25

Why cant big animals rely on diffusion and need gills or lungs?

Answer 25

they dont have enough surface area proportionately

Question 26

What is diffusion powered by?

Answer 26

interacitons between gas molecules, when gases diffuse down pressure of gas molecules

Question 27

What are the products and reactants of aerobic respiration?

Answer 27

uses O2 and prosuces CO2 and H2O