Theme 13 - Endocrine Regulation of Growth & metabolism

Question 1

What is a heaviness of jaw, pituitary tumor or thick fingers an example of?

Answer 1

excess of growth hormone

Question 2

What does GH deficiency do? what does an excess of GH do?

Answer 2

cause shortness in deficiency and extreme giantism in excess

Question 3

What is GH (growth hormone)?

Answer 3

animo acid that is secreted by somatotropic cells of pituitary gland

Question 4

What does the thyroid do?

Answer 4

regulate metabolism
protein synthesis
hormone sensitivity

Question 5

What is an enlarged thyroid gland called?

Answer 5

Goiter

Question 6

what is cretinism?

Answer 6

Born without a thyroid gland

Question 7

What is the thyroid gland made of?

Answer 7

follicles with colloids thyroglobulin

secrete thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Question 8

What is the pituitary gland regulated by?

Answer 8

hypothalamic thyrotropin hormone

Question 9

What is not a sympton of Graves’ Disease?

a) insomnia
b) anemia
c) hand tremor
d) hyperactivity
e) excessive sweating

Answer 9

anemia is not a symptom of Graves’

Question 10

True or False: TH stimulate cell energy consumption and therefor increase number and activity of NA+/K+ and decrease ATP

Answer 10

true

Question 11

What do the pancreas and Adrenal Glands regulate?

Answer 11

carbohydrate metabolism

Question 12

which is not something that metabolism gets energy from?

a) glucose
b) fatty acids
c) proteins
d) amino acids

Answer 12

protein

Question 13

What do the alpha and beta cells in the pancreas make?

Answer 13

glucagon, insulin

Question 14

true or false: Insulin highers and glucagon raises blood sugar

Answer 14

false: glucagon raises blood sugar

insulin lowers blood sugar

Question 15

What two places does insulin act to facilitate transport of glucose?

Answer 15

adipose

muscle tissues

Question 16

What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

Answer 16

1: beta cells are destroyed therefore cannot produce insulin

2. cells lose ability to respond cannot process glucose or insulin

Question 17

What two things make up the adrenal gland?

Answer 17

mesoderm

ectoderm

Question 18

what does the adrenal gland do?

Answer 18

controls energy and metabolism in body

Question 19

what does the ectoderm of the adrenal gland secrete?

Answer 19

epinephrine (adrenalin)

nor-epineprhine (nor-adrenalin)

Question 20

What nerotransmitter secreted by the adrenal stimulates glycogenolysis?

Answer 20

epinephrine

Question 21

what do catabolic hormones promote?

Answer 21

breakdown of tissue

Question 22

what DONT glucocorticoids act on to break down proteins and lipids?

a) bone
b) brain
c) immune
d) muscle
e) fat tissue

Answer 22

brain

Question 23

which hormone does not regulate Na+ and K+?

a) epinephrine
b) ADH
c) Aldosterone
d) atrial netriuretic peptide

Answer 23

epinephrine

Question 24

True or False: If the pituitary gland is cut the animal will dye immediately?

Answer 24

false, it will survive

Question 25

If blood Na+ increases above normal with the osmolarity of the blood increase or decrease?

Answer 25

increase

Question 26

where is ANP secreted from?

Answer 26

atria of the heart

Question 27

what does aldosterone increase?

Answer 27

Na+ reabsorption

Question 28

what does ANP decrease?

Answer 28

Na+ reabsorption

Question 29

True or false: ANP and aldosterone have similar effects on sodium balance

Answer 29

false. they have opposite efffects (ANP decreases, aldosterone increases)