Theme 13 - Endocrine Regulation of Growth & metabolism Flashcards
What is a heaviness of jaw, pituitary tumor or thick fingers an example of?
excess of growth hormone
What does GH deficiency do? what does an excess of GH do?
cause shortness in deficiency and extreme giantism in excess
What is GH (growth hormone)?
animo acid that is secreted by somatotropic cells of pituitary gland
What does the thyroid do?
regulate metabolism
protein synthesis
hormone sensitivity
What is an enlarged thyroid gland called?
Goiter
what is cretinism?
Born without a thyroid gland
What is the thyroid gland made of?
follicles with colloids thyroglobulin
secrete thyroxine and triiodothyronine
What is the pituitary gland regulated by?
hypothalamic thyrotropin hormone
What is not a sympton of Graves’ Disease?
a) insomnia
b) anemia
c) hand tremor
d) hyperactivity
e) excessive sweating
anemia is not a symptom of Graves’
True or False: TH stimulate cell energy consumption and therefor increase number and activity of NA+/K+ and decrease ATP
true
What do the pancreas and Adrenal Glands regulate?
carbohydrate metabolism
which is not something that metabolism gets energy from?
a) glucose
b) fatty acids
c) proteins
d) amino acids
protein
What do the alpha and beta cells in the pancreas make?
glucagon, insulin
true or false: Insulin highers and glucagon raises blood sugar
false: glucagon raises blood sugar
insulin lowers blood sugar
What two places does insulin act to facilitate transport of glucose?
adipose
muscle tissues
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
1: beta cells are destroyed therefore cannot produce insulin
2. cells lose ability to respond cannot process glucose or insulin
What two things make up the adrenal gland?
mesoderm
ectoderm
what does the adrenal gland do?
controls energy and metabolism in body
what does the ectoderm of the adrenal gland secrete?
epinephrine (adrenalin)
nor-epineprhine (nor-adrenalin)
What nerotransmitter secreted by the adrenal stimulates glycogenolysis?
epinephrine
what do catabolic hormones promote?
breakdown of tissue
what DONT glucocorticoids act on to break down proteins and lipids?
a) bone
b) brain
c) immune
d) muscle
e) fat tissue
brain
which hormone does not regulate Na+ and K+?
a) epinephrine
b) ADH
c) Aldosterone
d) atrial netriuretic peptide
epinephrine
True or False: If the pituitary gland is cut the animal will dye immediately?
false, it will survive
If blood Na+ increases above normal with the osmolarity of the blood increase or decrease?
increase
where is ANP secreted from?
atria of the heart
what does aldosterone increase?
Na+ reabsorption
what does ANP decrease?
Na+ reabsorption
True or false: ANP and aldosterone have similar effects on sodium balance
false. they have opposite efffects (ANP decreases, aldosterone increases)
