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Gross Anatomy > The Wrist And Hand > Flashcards

The Wrist And Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most frequently fractured bone in the wrist? Most disclocated?

A

Scaphoid - Most fractured

Lunate - Most dislocated

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2
Q

What s the thickened band of CT on the posterior wrist?

A

Extensor retinaculum

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3
Q

What tunnel follows the anterior carpal concavity?

A

Carpal Tunnel

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4
Q

What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

A
  • Median nerve
  • FDS Tendon
  • FDP Tendon
  • FPL Tendon
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5
Q

What are the most commonly fractures bones when some falls directly on their extended hand?

A
  • Wrist
  • Forearm
  • Clavicle
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6
Q

What is Barton’s dislocation/fracture

A

Intraarticular fracture of distal radius/dislocation of the radiocarpal joint

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7
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A
  • Parasthesias, pain, numbness, and loss or impairment of function of hand over distribution of median nerve
  • affects skin over lateral 2/3 hand and digits 1-3 and half of 4
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8
Q

What is the effect of nerve damage to Ulnar nerve?

A

“Claw Hand”

Inability to extend fingers at IP joints resulting in permanent flexion

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9
Q

What is the effect of nerve damage to Median nerve?

A

“Ape Hand”

Inability to oppose thumb

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10
Q

What is the effect of nerve damage to

Radial nerve?

A

“Wrist Drop”

Inability to extend hand and fully extend forearm

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11
Q

What is Colles Fracture?

A

Fracture of distal forearm where radius is bent backwards which overrides rest f the bone

“Dinner fork deformity”

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12
Q

What is Smiths fracture?

A

Fracture of distal radius from falling on flexed wrist displacing fracture ventrally

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13
Q

What is AVN?

A

Avascular necrosis

Common complication of scaphoid fracture

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14
Q

Which eminence follows the ulnar side of the hand?

A

Hypothecate eminence

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15
Q

Describe the Palmar aponeurosis.

A

• This is a triangular, well defined structure that covers the soft tissues of the palm overlying the flexor
tendons.
• Its proximal end is continuous with the flexor Retinaculum and the palmaris longus muscle tendon.
• Its distal end divides into 4 bands that go the base of
the proximal phalanges of the medial 4 digits.

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16
Q

What is Dupuytren’s contracture?

A
  • Fibrosis of the palmar aponeurosis with shortening of digital bands, especial 4/5
  • Associated it’s EtOH and epilepsy
17
Q

What are the muscles of Thenar?

What are their innervation?

A

APB - Median
FPB - Median and Ulnar
OP - Medial
AP - Ulnar

18
Q

What are the muscles of the hypothenar? What are the innervation?

A

Abductor Digiti Minimi
Opponents Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

All supplied by Ulnar Nerve

19
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the lumbricals?

A

Tendon of FDP -> Base of proximal phalange of medial 4 digits with extensor expansion and interossei muscles

Flexion of MPJ

20
Q

What is the innervation of the lumbricals?

A

Lumbricals 1/2 - Median

Lumbricals 3/4 - Ulnar

21
Q

What are the attachment and actions of the Palmar Interosseous muscles?

Innervation?

A

Arise by one head from metacarpals 2,4,5 —> Bases of proximal phalanges of each corresponding digit

Adducts fingers to midline of hand

All supplied by Ulnar nerve

22
Q

What are the attachment and actions of the Dorsal Interosseous muscles?

Innervation?

A

Two heads of adjacent metacarpals —> side of proximal phalanx

Abduct finger away from midline of hand

All supplied by Ulnar nerve

23
Q

What is the blood supply of the hypothenar and Thenar eminences?

A

Hypothenar - Deep palmar arch via ulnar artery

Thenar - superficial palmar arch via radial artery

24
Q

What is Boxer’s Fracture?

A

Fracture of the 5th metacarpal

25
Q

What is Mallet/Bseball Finger?

A

Sudden severe tension on a long extensor tendon may values part of its attachment to phalanx.

Injury is a result of hyper flexion of the DIPJ at the extensor digitorum tendon

26
Q

What are the contents of the Thenar eminence?

A
  • Thenar fascia and metacarpals
  • APB
  • FPB
  • OP
  • Motor branch median nerve
  • Tendon FPL
  • Radial Bursa
27
Q

What are contents of hypothenar eminence?

A
  • ADM
  • FDMB
  • ODM
  • Deep Ulnar Nerve
28
Q

What are the contents of the central compartment of the hand?

A
  • Ulnar artery
  • Lumbricals
  • Ulnar Bursa
  • FD tendons
  • Common palmar digital branches
29
Q

What are the contents of the adductor interosseus compartments?

A
  • AddPoll
  • Palmar interossei
  • Dorsal Interossei
  • Radial Artery
  • Deep Palmar Arch
  • Deep Ulnar Nerve
30
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Tendons of EPB, APL, and EPL

Gross Anatomy (24 decks)

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