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Gross Anatomy > Posterior Thigh - Poplitieal Fossa > Flashcards

Posterior Thigh - Poplitieal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscle creates the characteristic calf shape?

A

Gastrocnemius

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2
Q

Which muscle lies beneath the gastrocnemius?

A

Soleus

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A
  • Biceps Femoris (superilateral)
  • Semitendinosis and semimembranosis (Superomedial)
  • Gastrocnemius (Inferior)
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4
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal artery and vein

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5
Q

What is the Cutaneous innervates of the posterior aspect of the thigh?

A

Upper Part - Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

Lower latera half - Medial Sural Cutaneous And Sural nerve

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6
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior thigh?

A

A. Glutei
Maximus
MEdius
Minimus

B. Other small muscles
Piriformis
Obturator Internus
Superior gemellus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus lamborum
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7
Q

What are the nerve contents of the posterior thigh?

A
  1. Sciatic N
  2. Superior Gluteal n
  3. Inferior gluteal n
  4. Post cutaneous n of thigh
  5. Nerve to Obturator internus
  6. Nerve to quadratus lamborum
  7. Pudendal n
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8
Q

What are the vessels contents of the posterior thigh?

A
  • Sup gluteal
  • Inf gluteal
  • Internal Pudendal
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9
Q

What structure pass through the greater sciatic foramen above the Piriformis?

A

Superior gluteal nerves and vessels

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10
Q

What structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen below the Piriformis?

A
  • Inf gluteal nerves/vessels
  • Sciatic nerve
  • Ps cutaneous n. Of thigh
  • n. To QF
  • n. To ObInt
  • Pudendal n.
  • Internal pudendal vessels
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11
Q

What structures make up the greater sciatic foramen?

A
  • Greater sciatic notch
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
  • Sacrospinous ligament
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12
Q

What structures make up the lesser sciatic notch?

A
  • Lesser sciatic notch
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
  • Sacrospinous ligament
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13
Q

What structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen?

A
  • Tendon Of Obturator Internus
  • N. To ObtInt
  • Pudendal n.
  • Int Pudendal vessels
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14
Q

The is the primary origin of the gluteus Maximus?

A

Back of sacrum &
coccyx & back of
Sacrotuberous
ligament.

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15
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Gluteus minimus?

A

Ant gluteal surface of ilium —> Ant surface of the greater trochanter

Abducts femur; Medially rotates thigh

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16
Q

What are the attachments And actions of the gluteus medius?

A

Middle part of the gluteal surface of Ilium —> Lat surface of greater trochanter

abducts the femur; medially
rotates the thigh

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17
Q

What are the attachments and actions of gluteus Maximus?

A

Pos gluteal surface of ilium + Back of sacrum &
coccyx & back of
Sacrotuberous
ligament. —> Iliotibial Tract + Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Extends thigh; laterally rotates femur

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18
Q

What are the lateral rotators of the thigh?

A
  • Sup/Inf gemellus
  • Obturator Int/Ext
  • Quadratus femoris
  • Piriformis
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19
Q

What are the muscles which make up the Hamstrings?

A
  • Bicepts Femoris
  • Semimembranous
  • Semitendinous
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20
Q

What is the innervation and blood supply of Glut Max?

A

Inf Glut n.

Supo/inf gluteal arteries

21
Q

What is the innervation and blood supply of Glut Med?

A

Sup Glut n.

Sup gluteal artery

22
Q

What is the innervation and blood supply of Glut Min?

A

Sup glut n.

Sup glut a.

23
Q

What are attachments and actions of superior gemellus?

A

Ischial spine —> Obturator internus tendon

Laterally rotates femur

24
Q

What are attachments and actions of inferior gemellus?

A

Ischial Tuberosity —> Obturator Internus Tendon

Laterally rotates femur

25
What are attachments and actions of Obturator Externus?
the external surface of the obturator membrane and the superior and inferior pubic rami —> Trochanteric fossa of femur Laterally rotates thigh
26
What are attachments and actions of Obturator internus?
the internal surface of the obturator membrane and margin of the obturator foramen —> Medial surface of greater trochanter above trochanteric fossa Laterally rotates and abducts
27
What are attachments and actions of Quadriceps femoris?
anterior surface Femoris of the femur and the anterior side of the medial and lateral intermuscular septa —> Tibial Tuberosity via patellar ligament Extends knee; Flexes thigh
28
What are attachments and actions of Piriformis?
Ant surface of sacrum —> Upper border of greater trochanter of femur
29
What is innervation and blood supply of the superior gamellus?
N. To Obt Int Inf gluteal a.
30
What is innervation and blood supply to inferior gamellus?
N. To Quad femoris Inf glut a.
31
What is the innervation and blood supply of Obturator externus?
Obturator n. Obturator a.
32
What is the innervation and blood supply to Obturator internus?
N. To obt internus Obturator a.
33
What is innervation and blood supply of quadriceps femoris?
Femoral n. Lat Circumflex femoral a.; Deep femoral a.
34
What is innervation and blood supply of Piriformis?
N. To Piriformis (Ventral Ram S1-S2) Inf gluteal a.; Lat sacral and superior glut aa.
35
What are attachments and actions of Biceps femoris?
long head: Femoris ischial tuberosity; short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera —> Head Of Fibula + Lateral condyle Of Tibia Extends thigh; flexes leg
36
What are attachments and actions of semimembranous?
Upper outer surface of ischial tuberosity —> Medial condyle of the tibia Extends thigh; flexes leg
37
What are attachments and actions of Semitendinous?
Lower medial surface ischial tuberosity —> MEdial surface of Tibia (Via pes anserinus) Extends the thigh; flexes leg
38
What is innervation and blood supply of Biceps femoris?
(Long) Tibial n. + (Short) Common Fibular Perforating branches deep femoral a.
39
What is innervation and blood supply semimembranous?
Tibial n. Perforating branches deep fem a.
40
What is the innervation and blood supply of Semitendinous?
Tibial n. Deep femoral a.
41
What muscles insert via the pes anserinus?
- Gracilis - Sartorius - Semitendinosus
42
What are the hamstring muscles?
- Biceps femoris - Semimembranous - Semitendinosus - ISchial part of adductor magnums
43
What is the course and branches off of the superior gluteal nerve?
- Passes through GSF above Piriformis and then between the gluteus medius. - Muscular branches to gluteus medius, minimus, and TFL - Articular to hip joint
44
What is the course and branches off of the Inferior gluteal nerve?
- Passes through GSF below piriformis and then deep to gluteus Maximus - muscular branches to gluteus Maximus
45
What is the course and branches off of the N. To Quad Fem?
- Passes through GSF below Piriformis - Muscular branches to QF and IGem - Articular to hip joint
46
What is the course and branches off of the Pos Cut n. To thigh?
- Passes through GSF below piriformis and descends deep to deep fascia - Cutaneous branches to gluteal region, back of scrotum//lava majus, back of thigh, and upper part of back of leg
47
What is the course and branches off of the Sciatic nerve?
- Passes through GSF below piriformis; then to IS, SGem, Tendon go OI, IGem, QF, and AdMag - No branches in Gluteal region! - Tibial and common peroneal Nerves in middle of back of thigh
48
What is Baker’s Cyst?
inflammation and swelling of the semimembranosus bursa – a fluid filled sac found in the knee joint.
49
What nerve is most at risk from popliteal artery compression? What are symptoms?
The tibial nerve is particularly susceptible to compression from the popliteal artery. The major features of tibial nerve compression are: •Weakened or absent plantar flexion •Paraesthesia of the foot and posterolateral leg *An aneurysm of the popliteal artery can be detected by an obvious palpable pulsation in the popliteal fossa. An arterial bruit may be heard on auscultation.

Gross Anatomy (24 decks)

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