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Gross Anatomy > The Antebrachial Region > Flashcards

The Antebrachial Region Flashcards

1
Q

Whate is the medial bone of the forearm?

A

Ulna

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2
Q

What joins the two bones of the forearm?

A

Interosseus Membrane

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3
Q

What is the Innervation of the Anterior antebrachial Compartment?

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris/ Flexor Digitorum Profundus —> Ulnar Nerve

All Other Muscles are Median Nerve

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial Anterior Antebrachium (Flexors)?

A 
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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5
Q

Which muscles of the Anterior Antebrachium attach to digits 4 and 5?

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

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6
Q

What is are the attachments and actions of the Pronator Teres?

A

Common Flexor tendon and deep/ulnar head from medial side of corn oil prices of Ulna —> Midpoint of the lateral side of the shaft of the radius

Pronation of the forearm

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7
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Flexor Carpi Radialis?

A

Common Flexor Tendon from Medial epicondyle of Humerus —> Base of the second and third metacarpals

Flexes the wrist
Abducts the hand

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8
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Palmaris Longus?

A

Common flexor tendon of medial epicondyle —> Palmar aponeurosis

Flexes Wrist

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9
Q

What a re the attachments and actions of the flexor carpi Ulnaris?

A

Common flexor tendon, Ulnar head f/ medial border of olecranon, and upper 2/3 of posterior border of ulna —> Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal

Flexes wrist
Adducts Hand

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10
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the flexor carpi superficialis?

A

Humeroulnar head, Common flexor tendon, radial head, and middle 1/3 of radius —> Shafts of middle phalanges of 2-5

Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint
Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints

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11
Q

What are the deep muscles of the anterior antebrachium?

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator Quadratus

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12
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the flexor Digitorum Profundus?

A

Medial anterior surface of Ulna and interosseous membrane —> Duistal phalanges of medial 4 fingers

Flexion of DIPJ of medial 4 digits
Flexion of the wrist

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13
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Anterior surface of the radius, interosseus membrane, coronoid process —> Base Of planar aspect of distal phalanx of the thumb

Flexion of the Thumb

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14
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the pronator quadratus.

A

Anterior Surface of the distal Ulna —> Anterior surface of the distal radius

Pronates antebrachium

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the deep flexor muscles of the antebrachium?

A

Anterior Interosseus Nerve (Medial Nerve)

EXCEPT:

Flexor Digitorum Profundus: Digits 4/5 by Ulner Nerve

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16
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial extensors of the antebrachium?

A 
Brachoradialis
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Anconeus
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17
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the brachoradialis?

A

Lateral Suprachondylar ridge, intermuscular septum —> Lateral surface of the radius above styloid process

Flexion of antebrachium
Supination of the Antebrachium

18
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the extensor Carpi Radialis Longus?

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge —> Base of metacarpal 2

Extension of Wrist
Adduction of hand

19
Q

What are the attachments and actions of extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis?

A

Lateral epicondyle common tendon, lateral collateral ligament of elbow —> Metacarpal 2 + 3

Extension of Wrist
Abduction of Hand

20
Q

What are the attachments and actions of extensor Digitorum?

A

Lateral Epicondyle common tendon —> Laterodorsal surface of phalanges of 4 medial digits (2-5)

Extension of proximal phalanges at the metacarpals MPJ

21
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

Lateral Epicondyle common tendon —> Proximal phalange of Digit 5

Extension of Digit 5

22
Q

What are the attachments and actions of extensor Carpi Ulnaris?

A

Lateral Epicondyle common tendon —> Medial side of base of met. 5

Extension of hand, adduction

23
Q

What are the attachments and actions of anconeus?

A

Lateral Epicondyle —> Lateral Olecranon and Posterior Ulna

Stabilizes elbow joint, Assists triceps with extension

24
Q

Where is the brachoradialis reflex checked?

A

Distal radius at tendon

25
What are the deep muscles of the posterior antebrachium?
``` Supinator Abductor Pollicis Longus Extensor Pollicis Brevis Extensor Pollicis Longus Extensor indicis ```
26
What nerve innervates the superficial muscles of the posterior antebrachium?
Brachoradialis, ECRL, Anconeus —> Radial nerve ECRB, Extensor Digitorum, ECU, EDM —> Radial Nerve via Posterior Interosseus
27
What are the innervation of the deep muscles of the posterior antebrachium?
APL, EPB, EPL, EI —> Radial Nerve via Posterior Interosseus Nerve Supinator —> Deep branch of radial nerve (pierces muscle)
28
Describe the path of the Ulnar Nerve.
``` • After passing behind the medial epicondyle, the ulnar n. enters the forearm between the heads of the FCU. • It then descends deep to this muscle on the FDP where it accompanies the ulnar artery. • Distally, the nerve becomes relatively superficial and it is found (with the ulnar a.) in a passage between the pisiform and hook of the hamate covered by a slip of the flexor retinaculum called Guyon’s canal. ```
29
What are the branches of the Ulnar Nerve?
- Articular branches to the Elbow Joint - No Branches in Arm - Muscular branches in forearm to FCU, FDP (4+5) - Palmar cutaneous to medial palmar skin - Muscular branches to most of muscles of Hand
30
Describe the path of the Radial Nerve.
• The radial n. descends in the arm between the brachialis and brachioradialis and crosses the anterior aspect of the lateral epicondyle. • It enters the forearm and it divides into superficial and deep branches. • The deep branch pierces the supinator muscle and supplies the posterior compartment of the forearm either directly or via its branch: the posterior interosseous n.
31
What are the branches of the radial nerve?
- No muscular branches in Hand - Superficial Cutaneous branch to Dorsal of hand - Deep Branch - Posterior interosseus nerve
32
What muscle is pierced by the radial nerve?
Supinator muscle
33
Describe the vascular supply of the antebrachium.
- Subclavian art —> Axillary art —> Radial art —> Radial/Ulnar arteries - Radial Art —> Deep palmar arch - Ulnar Artery —> Superficial Palmar Arch
34
Describe the pathway of the Ulnar Artery
• Begins near the end of the radius, just medial to the biceps tendon. • It passes inferomedial deep to the pronator teres. • In company of the median nerve, it passes between the heads of the FDS
35
What is tennis elbow?
``` - Tennis elbow is a condition in which overuse or strain of the extensor musculature causes pain and weakness from the lateral epicondyle. - Symptoms include pain on the lateral epicondyle and weakness in the wrist when moving the wrist into extension, especially against resistance. - The most common muscle to be affected by this is the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. ```
36
What are the three muscles of the anatomical snuff box?
Extensor Pollicis Longus Extensor Pollicis Brevis Abductor Pollicis Longus
37
What are the contents of the anatomical snuff box?
- Radial artery - Superficial branch f radial nerve - Cephalic vein
38
What is Golfer’s Elbow?
- Medial epicondylitis | - Pain from repetitive use of superficial muscles f anterior forearm.
39
What are common nerve injuries of the antebrachium?
- Ulnar nerve injury can occur from fractures of medial epicondyle. Entrapment of the nerve is also common - Radial nerve injury and entrapment May occur in deep forearm wounds and fracture of the lateral Epicondyle
40
What is de Quervain’s disease?
- thickening of the common fibrous sheath of tendons of the and Pol Long and EPB leading to tendinitis, etc - Diagnosed with Finkelstein test

Gross Anatomy (24 decks)

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