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Gross Anatomy > The Antebrachial Region > Flashcards

The Antebrachial Region Flashcards

1
Q

Whate is the medial bone of the forearm?

A

Ulna

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2
Q

What joins the two bones of the forearm?

A

Interosseus Membrane

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3
Q

What is the Innervation of the Anterior antebrachial Compartment?

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris/ Flexor Digitorum Profundus —> Ulnar Nerve

All Other Muscles are Median Nerve

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial Anterior Antebrachium (Flexors)?

A 
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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5
Q

Which muscles of the Anterior Antebrachium attach to digits 4 and 5?

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

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6
Q

What is are the attachments and actions of the Pronator Teres?

A

Common Flexor tendon and deep/ulnar head from medial side of corn oil prices of Ulna —> Midpoint of the lateral side of the shaft of the radius

Pronation of the forearm

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7
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Flexor Carpi Radialis?

A

Common Flexor Tendon from Medial epicondyle of Humerus —> Base of the second and third metacarpals

Flexes the wrist
Abducts the hand

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8
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Palmaris Longus?

A

Common flexor tendon of medial epicondyle —> Palmar aponeurosis

Flexes Wrist

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9
Q

What a re the attachments and actions of the flexor carpi Ulnaris?

A

Common flexor tendon, Ulnar head f/ medial border of olecranon, and upper 2/3 of posterior border of ulna —> Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal

Flexes wrist
Adducts Hand

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10
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the flexor carpi superficialis?

A

Humeroulnar head, Common flexor tendon, radial head, and middle 1/3 of radius —> Shafts of middle phalanges of 2-5

Flexes metacarpophalangeal joint
Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints

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11
Q

What are the deep muscles of the anterior antebrachium?

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator Quadratus

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12
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the flexor Digitorum Profundus?

A

Medial anterior surface of Ulna and interosseous membrane —> Duistal phalanges of medial 4 fingers

Flexion of DIPJ of medial 4 digits
Flexion of the wrist

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13
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Anterior surface of the radius, interosseus membrane, coronoid process —> Base Of planar aspect of distal phalanx of the thumb

Flexion of the Thumb

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14
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the pronator quadratus.

A

Anterior Surface of the distal Ulna —> Anterior surface of the distal radius

Pronates antebrachium

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the deep flexor muscles of the antebrachium?

A

Anterior Interosseus Nerve (Medial Nerve)

EXCEPT:

Flexor Digitorum Profundus: Digits 4/5 by Ulner Nerve

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16
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial extensors of the antebrachium?

A 
Brachoradialis
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Anconeus
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17
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the brachoradialis?

A

Lateral Suprachondylar ridge, intermuscular septum —> Lateral surface of the radius above styloid process

Flexion of antebrachium
Supination of the Antebrachium

18
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the extensor Carpi Radialis Longus?

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge —> Base of metacarpal 2

Extension of Wrist
Adduction of hand

19
Q

What are the attachments and actions of extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis?

A

Lateral epicondyle common tendon, lateral collateral ligament of elbow —> Metacarpal 2 + 3

Extension of Wrist
Abduction of Hand

20
Q

What are the attachments and actions of extensor Digitorum?

A

Lateral Epicondyle common tendon —> Laterodorsal surface of phalanges of 4 medial digits (2-5)

Extension of proximal phalanges at the metacarpals MPJ

21
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

Lateral Epicondyle common tendon —> Proximal phalange of Digit 5

Extension of Digit 5

22
Q

What are the attachments and actions of extensor Carpi Ulnaris?

A

Lateral Epicondyle common tendon —> Medial side of base of met. 5

Extension of hand, adduction

23
Q

What are the attachments and actions of anconeus?

A

Lateral Epicondyle —> Lateral Olecranon and Posterior Ulna

Stabilizes elbow joint, Assists triceps with extension

24
Q

Where is the brachoradialis reflex checked?

A

Distal radius at tendon

25
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior antebrachium?

A 
Supinator
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor indicis
26
Q

What nerve innervates the superficial muscles of the posterior antebrachium?

A

Brachoradialis, ECRL, Anconeus —> Radial nerve

ECRB, Extensor Digitorum, ECU, EDM —> Radial Nerve via Posterior Interosseus

27
Q

What are the innervation of the deep muscles of the posterior antebrachium?

A

APL, EPB, EPL, EI —> Radial Nerve via Posterior Interosseus Nerve

Supinator —> Deep branch of radial nerve (pierces muscle)

28
Q

Describe the path of the Ulnar Nerve.

A 
• After passing behind the medial
epicondyle, the ulnar n. enters
the forearm between the heads
of the FCU. 
• It then descends deep to this
muscle on the FDP where it
accompanies the ulnar artery. 
• Distally, the nerve becomes
relatively superficial and it is
found (with the ulnar a.) in a
passage between the pisiform
and hook of the hamate covered
by a slip of the flexor
retinaculum called Guyon’s
canal.
29
Q

What are the branches of the Ulnar Nerve?

A
  • Articular branches to the Elbow Joint
  • No Branches in Arm
  • Muscular branches in forearm to FCU, FDP (4+5)
  • Palmar cutaneous to medial palmar skin
  • Muscular branches to most of muscles of Hand
30
Q

Describe the path of the Radial Nerve.

A

• The radial n. descends in the
arm between the brachialis and
brachioradialis and crosses the
anterior aspect of the lateral epicondyle.
• It enters the forearm and it
divides into superficial and deep branches.
• The deep branch pierces the
supinator muscle and supplies the posterior compartment of the forearm either directly or via its branch: the posterior interosseous n.

31
Q

What are the branches of the radial nerve?

A
  • No muscular branches in Hand
  • Superficial Cutaneous branch to Dorsal of hand
  • Deep Branch
  • Posterior interosseus nerve
32
Q

What muscle is pierced by the radial nerve?

A

Supinator muscle

33
Q

Describe the vascular supply of the antebrachium.

A
  • Subclavian art —> Axillary art —> Radial art —> Radial/Ulnar arteries
  • Radial Art —> Deep palmar arch
  • Ulnar Artery —> Superficial Palmar Arch
34
Q

Describe the pathway of the Ulnar Artery

A

• Begins near the end of the radius, just medial to the biceps tendon.
• It passes inferomedial deep to the pronator teres.
• In company of the median nerve, it
passes between the heads of the FDS

35
Q

What is tennis elbow?

A 
- Tennis elbow is a condition in
which overuse or strain of the
extensor musculature causes pain
and weakness from the lateral
epicondyle.
- Symptoms include pain on the
lateral epicondyle and weakness
in the wrist when moving the
wrist into extension, especially
against resistance.
- The most common muscle to be
affected by this is the extensor
carpi radialis brevis muscle.
36
Q

What are the three muscles of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Abductor Pollicis Longus

37
Q

What are the contents of the anatomical snuff box?

A
  • Radial artery
  • Superficial branch f radial nerve
  • Cephalic vein
38
Q

What is Golfer’s Elbow?

A
  • Medial epicondylitis

- Pain from repetitive use of superficial muscles f anterior forearm.

39
Q

What are common nerve injuries of the antebrachium?

A
  • Ulnar nerve injury can occur from fractures of medial epicondyle. Entrapment of the nerve is also common
  • Radial nerve injury and entrapment May occur in deep forearm wounds and fracture of the lateral Epicondyle
40
Q

What is de Quervain’s disease?

A
  • thickening of the common fibrous sheath of tendons of the and Pol Long and EPB leading to tendinitis, etc
  • Diagnosed with Finkelstein test

Gross Anatomy (24 decks)

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