The Back And Spinal Cord Flashcards
What are the muscles of the first layer of the back?
- Trapezius
- Lattisimus Dorsi
What are the muscles of the 2nd layer of the back?
- Levator Scapulae
- Rhoboidis maj/min
- Serratus posterior sup/inf
What are the muscles of the 3rd deepest layer of the back?
- Erector spinae and semispinalis
What are the muscles of the 4th (deepest) layer of the back?
- Transversalis
- Rotatories
- interspinalis
- muscles of the sub Occipital triangles
What are their three groups of erectors spinae muscles?
- Lateral Column: Iliocostalis
- Intermediate column: Longissimus
- Medial column: Spinalis
What are the muscles of the sub Occipital triangle?
What are the borders of the triangle?
- Rectus capitis major - Medial Border
- Rectus capitis Minor
- Obliquus capitis inferior - Inferior Border
- Obliquus capitis superior - Lateral Border
- Semispinalis capitis and longissimus capitis Form Roof
- Posterior arch of atlas and Atlanta-occipital membrane form the floor
What are the contents of the sub Occipital triangle?
- Vertebral artery
- Suboccipital nerve (C1)
- Suboccipital venous plexus
What are the components of the occipitoaxial ligament?
- Cruciform ligament
- Apical ligament
- Alar ligament
- Tectorial membrane
What is the origin, Insertion, and nerve supply of the trapezius?
Origin: Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal, external
occipital protuberance, Ligamentum nuchae, spines of all cervical & all thoracic vertebrae and supraspinous ligament
Insertion: posterior border of lateral 1/3 of the clavicle,
medial margin of acromion upper lip of the crest of the
spine of the clavicle.
Nerve Supply: Spinal Accessory And C3/4
What are the origin, insertion, and nerve supply of the latossimus Dorsi?
Origin: Lower 6 Thoracic, thoracolumbar fascia, lower 3-4 ribs inferior angle fo scapula
Insertion: Floor of the bicipital groove
Nerve Supply: Nerve to Lat via Thoracodorsal nerve
what are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?
Sup border Lats Dorsi: Inferior Border
Lateral border of Trapezius: Medial border
Medial border of scapula: Lateral order
Rhomboid maj: floor
What are the transverso-spinalis muscles?
- Multifidus
- Interspinals
- intertransversospinalis
- Rotators
- semispinalis
Which intrinsic muscle of the back connects adjacent transverse processes of vertebrae?
Intertransversaris
Which intrinsic muscle of the originates from a transverse process and inserts onto the spinous process of the vertebrae above?
Rotatores
The _____ is located between the body of the vertebrae and the transverse process.
A. Spinous process
B. Pedicles
C. Lamina
D. Mammillary process
B. Pedicle
What is the foramen directly lateral tp S1/S2?
Anterior Sacral Foramen
What type of joint are the intervertebral joints, and what are they made up of?
cartilagenous Joint
- Nucleus Pulposus
- Annulus Fibrosus
What are the common sites of Disc herniation?
- L4-5
- L5-S1
- C6-7
What are three structural classifications of joints?
FIBROUS JOINT:
– No joint cavity, fibrous CT – Distal tibiofibular joint
• CARTILAGENOUS JOINT:
– No joint cavity, cartilage holds
bones together – Pubis symphysis
• SYNOVIAL JOINT:
– There is a joint cavity
– Bones united by articular
capsule and ligaments – Knee joint, hip joint
What are the three functional classifications of joints?
Synarthrosis -> No movement; go pho’s is, sutures
Amphiarthrosis: Slight movement; Distal tibiofibular
Diarthrosis: freely moveable with synovial cavity
What are the 5 ligaments which compose different joints n the spine?
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior Longitudinal ligament
Ligamentum Flavum
Supraspinatus ligament
Interspinous ligament
Which ligament of the spine lies between adjacent Lamina?
Ligamentum Flavum
Which layers surround the subdural space?
Dura Mater
Arachnoid Mater
What is contained in the epidural space?
- Adipose
- Vertebral venous plexus
- Spinal nerves
