Brachium/Cubital Fossa

Question 1

Which structures lie inside the medial bicipital groove?

Answer 1

• Median Nerve
• Brachial artery
• Basilic Vein
• Medial Cutaneous nerve to FA
• Ulnar Nerve

Question 2

What roots Innervates the anterior brachial compartment muscles?

Answer 2

C5-7

Question 3

What levels innervates the posterior compartment muscles of the brachium?

Answer 3

C5-8, T1

Question 4

What are the attachments and actions of the Biceps Brachii?

Answer 4

Supraglenoid Tubercle + Coracoid process —> Radial tuberosity via Bicepts tendon AND deep facia of the antebrachium felxors via bicipital aponeurosis

Flexion of the elbow and shoulder; Supination of forearm

Question 5

What are the attachments and actions of the coracobrachialis?

Answer 5

Coracoid process —> Medial 1/3 Medial border of humerus

Flexion and adduction of arm

Question 6

What are the attachments and actions of the Brachialis?

Answer 6

Distal 2/3 anteromedial and anterolateral surface of humerus —> coronoid process and tuberosity of Ulna

Flexion of the elbow

Question 7

What are the attachments and actions of the Triceps Brachii

Answer 7

Infraglenoid tubercle; Posterolateral surface of humerus above radial groove; posterolateral surface of humerus below radial groove —> Olecranon process of ulna

Extension of elbow; assists in adduction of arm; assists in extension of shoulder

Question 8

What is the Biceps reflex? What spinal levels? What does it test?

Answer 8

C5-6 spinal center.

Muscle twitch for forearm extension after tapping the insertion of the biceps tendon.

Tests:

• MSC Nerve
• Lat cord
• Anter Div
• Ventral Rami, Dor/Ven roots, and spinal nerves of C5/6

Question 9

Describe path of MSC nerve after brachium and associated branches.

Answer 9

After supplying brachial muscles, become cutaneous at bicepts tendon.

Gives of Lateral Nerve of the FA

AKA Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 10

What structure runs between two of the heads of the triceps, and what is its contents?

Answer 10

Radial groove - Radian nerve

Question 11

Where is the best place to compress the brachial artery during hemorrhage?

Answer 11

Medial middle arm where it lies on the tendon of the coracobrachialis

Question 12

What is Volkmann’s Contractures?

Answer 12

• Prolonged tourniquet time or brachial artery injuries

Symptoms:

• IP flexion
• Thumb adduction
• Wrist flexion
• MP extension
• Forearm pronation
• Elbow flexion

Question 13

When is surgical neck fracture of the humerus common? Where does it usually break?

Answer 13

• Elderly patients falling on elbow while arm abducted

- Occurs superiorly to insertions of PecMaj, TerMaj, and LatDor muscles

Question 14

When can dislocation of the tendon of the Lindt had of the biceps tendon occur?

Answer 14

Traumatic separation of epiphysis of humerus

Question 15

What are the boundaries of the Cubital Fossa?

Answer 15

• Roof: superficial fascia, bicipital aponeurosis, subcutaneous
  tissue. The median cubital vein
  is frequently in the
  subcutaneous tissue.
• Laterally: brachioradialis
  muscle
• Medially: pronator teres
  muscle
• Upper limit: imaginary
  horizontal line between the
  medial and lateral epicondyles
• Floor: brachialis and supinator
  muscles

– Apex: neck of the radius

Question 16

What are the contents of the medial cubital fossa?

Answer 16

• Radial Nerve
• Biceps tendon
• Median Nerve
• Brachial artery

Question 17

What nerve is damaged due to fractures of the lateral epicondyle?

Answer 17

Radial Nerve

Question 18

What happens to the deep branch of the radial nerve?

Answer 18

Pierces the Supinator muscle and reaches posterior compartment of FA.