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Gross Anatomy > The Upper LimbL Shoulder/axilla > Flashcards

The Upper LimbL Shoulder/axilla Flashcards

1
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Pectoralis major

A

Medial 1/2 off clavicle, Ant sternum, costal cartilages 1-6, aponeurosis —> Latearl lip of intertubercular groove on humerus

Adducts and medically rotates humerus

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2
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the Pectoralis minor?

A

Costal Cart and ribs 3-5 —> Coracoid process of scapula

Draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly

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3
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the subclavius?

A

Junctions of rib1 and costal cartilage —> inferior surface of clavicle

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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4
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the serratus anterior?

A

Ribs 1-8 —> Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Holds scapula against thoracic cage

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5
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the deltoid?

A

Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula —> Deltoid tuberosity

Abduction, extension, and lateral rotation of humerus

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6
Q

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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7
Q

What are the attachments and actions of Supraspinatus.

A

Suprspinous fossa —> Superior facet of greater tubercle

Lateral rotation; Assists abduction

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8
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the infraspinatus.

A

Infraspinatous fossa —> Middle facet of greater tubercle

Lateral Rotation, Keeps Head of humerus in during abduction

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9
Q

What are the attachments and actions of teres minor.

A

Lateral Border of scapula -> Inferior facet of greater tubercle

Lateral rotation and adduction

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10
Q

What are attachments and actions of teres major?

A

Inferior angle of scapula —> Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Adduction and medial rotation

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11
Q

What are the attachments and actions of the subscapularis?

A

Subscapularis fossa —> Lesser tubercle of humerus

Medial rotation

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12
Q

What are the contents of the deltopectoral triangle?

A
  • Cephalic vein

- Thoracocaromial artery

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13
Q

What is the subacromiol bursa?

A

Fluid which separates the supraspinatus from the coracoacromial ligament, acromion, and deltoid muscle.

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14
Q

Which part of the rotator cuff is most torn?

A

Supraspinatus tendon

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15
Q

How are Rotator cuff injuries classified?

A

Type I: Tenderness over greater tubercle w/out limitation in ROM or weakness

Type II: Tendonitis and pain, usually worse at night with pain and limited abduction and external rotation

Type III: Significant degeneration and tear

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16
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the Quadra gulag space?

A

Superior: Teres minor

Inferior: Teres Major

Medial: Lateral side of the long head of triceps brachi

Lateral: Surgical neck of numeral shaft

Contents:
Axillary nerve
Posterior circumflex humeral vessels

17
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the triangular space of the Axilla?

A

Superior: Teres minor/Subscapularis

Inferior: Teres Major

Lateral: Medial side of long head of triceps

18
Q

Describe the sternoclavicular joint.

A
  • Saddle Joint - very strong
  • Rarely dislocated/injured
  • Clavicle will usually break before joint dislocated
19
Q

What type of joint is the AC joint?

A

Synovial

20
Q

What is easily seen in patients with AC joint dislocation?

A

Pronounced acromion on shoulder

21
Q

What is the most common dislocation of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Anterior dislocation

22
Q

What are the three types of glenohumeral dislocations?

A

Anterior

Posterior

Inferior

23
Q

What are the 4 anterior dislocation locations, and which is most prominent?

A
  • Subcoacoid (most common)
  • Subglenoid
  • Subclavicular
  • Intrathoracic
24
Q

What are the three primary treatments of GHJ dislocation?

A
  • Milch Technique
  • Modified Hippocrates
    Technique
  • Reduction of Luxato Erecta
25
Q

What are the boundaries of the Axillary Region?

A

Base: Axillary Fascia
Anterior Wall: Pectoralis Major/minor
Posterior Wall: Lat Dorsi, Teres minor, subscapularis
Medial Wall: Ribs and intercostal muscles, serratus ant
Lateral Wall: Intertubercular groove and long head of biceps
Apex: Directed superiority towards the neck located on the medial side of coracoid process

26
Q

What are the contents of the axilla?

A
  • Axillary artery
  • Axillary vein
  • Cords of brachial plexus
  • Lateral cutaneous branches of intercostal nerves
  • Long thoracic nerve
  • Cephalic vein
  • Axillary lymph nodes
27
Q

Which vein of the brachium ruins laterally?

A

Cephalic vein

28
Q

What connects the cephalic and basilic vein at the elbow?

A

Median Cubital vein

29
Q

What structure is used to identify subclavian veins?

A

First Rib —> they lie superior to it

30
Q

What are the branches off the subclavian artery?

A
  • Internal thoracic
  • Vertebral
  • Thyrocervical trunk
  • Costocervical trunk
  • Descending scapular
31
Q

What defines the first part of the axillary artery, and what are the branches?

A

Between lateral border of rib 1 and superior border of Pectoralis minor

  • Superior thoracic
32
Q

What defines the 2nd part of the axial artery, and what are the branches?

A

Deep to Pectoralis minor

  • Thoracoacromial artery
  • Lateral Thoracic artery
33
Q

What defines the third part of the axial artery, and what are the branches?

A

From inferior border of Pectoralis minor or inferior border of teres major

  • Subscapularis artery
  • Anterior circumflex artery
  • Posterior circumflex humeral artery
34
Q

Where in the neck does the brachial plexus descend in?

A

Posterior cervical triangle between scalene anterior and mediums; superior to clavicle and lateral to SCM

35
Q

What are the 5 main Nerves which come from brachial plexus?

A 
Musculoskeletal
Ulnar
Axillary
Radial
MEdian

Gross Anatomy (24 decks)

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