The Three States of Matter - Solid, Liquid and Gas Flashcards
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas
What does which state you get depend on?
How strong the forces of attraction are between the particles of the material
What 3 things affect the strength of the forces?
Material
Temp
Pressure
What are the forces of attraction between particles like in a solid?
There are strong forces
What are the forces of attraction between particles like in a liquid?
There are weak forces
What are the forces of attraction between particles like in a gas?
There are very weak forces
What do the forces in a solid do?
Hold the particles close together in fixed positions to form a very regular lattice arrangement
How are the particles arranged in a liquid and how do they move?
They’re randomly arranged and are free to move past each other, but they tend to stick closely together
Do the particles move in a solid?
They don’t move from their positions, so all solids keep a definite shape and volume, and don’t flow like liquids
How do particles in a solid move instead?
They vibrate about their positions - the hotter the solid becomes, the more they vibrate
What does this cause solids to do when heated?
They expand slightly
What is the volume and shape like in liquids?
Liquids have a definite volume but don’t keep a definite shape, and will flow to fill the bottom of a container
How do the particles move in a gas?
They are constantly moving with random motion
What happens the hotter the gas gets?
The faster they move
What do gases do when heated?
Expand
Pressure increases
