The Thorax

Question 1

Where is the tricispid valve heard best ?

Answer 1

left of the lower part of the sternum near the 5th intercostal space

Question 2

Where is the mitral valve heard best?

Answer 2

heard over the apex of the heart in the left 5th intercostal space at the mid clavicular line

Question 3

Where is the pulmonary valve heard best ?

Answer 3

medial end of the left second intercostal space

Question 4

The aortic valve is heard best ?

Answer 4

medial end of the right second intercostal space

Question 5

Where is the aortic valve in the body

Answer 5

left part of mid sternum

Question 6

Where is the tricuspid valve in the body

Answer 6

right lower/mid sternum

Question 7

Where is the mitral valve in the body

Answer 7

right above the left 4th rib

Question 8

Where is the pulmonary valve in the body

Answer 8

right on the 3rd rib left side

Question 9

arterial supply of the SA/AV nodes

Answer 9

Right coronary artery

Question 10

arterial supply of the AV bundle

Answer 10

usually left coronary artery

Question 11

vascular supply to esophagus is

Answer 11

esophageal arteryes off the arota

Question 12

esophagus drains to what veins

Answer 12

azygous system

Question 13

What is the dermatome of the nipple

Answer 13

T4

Question 14

What is the deratome of the xiphoid process

Answer 14

T6

Question 15

Umbilicus is what dermatome

Answer 15

T10

Question 16

three major functions of the thorax

Answer 16

conduit, breathing and protection of vital organs

Question 17

boundaries of the superior thoracic aperature

Answer 17

body of T1, medial margin of Rib 1, and the manubrium

Question 18

boundaries of inferior thoracic aperature

Answer 18

body of T12, rib 12 and rib 11, cartilagenous ends of rib 7-10 and xiphoid process (bounded by diaphgram

Question 19

the inferior vena cava pierces the central tendon of the diaphragm to enter the abdomen at what vertebral level

Answer 19

T8

Question 20

Significance of T4/T5 level ?

Answer 20

sternal angle
rib 2
seperates superior and inferior mediastinum
arch of aorta begins and ends
where superior vena cava penetrates pericardium, trachea bifurcation, limit of pulmonary trunk

Question 21

arterial supply to the breast

Answer 21

axillary artery, internal thoracic, and 2-4 intercostal arteries

Question 22

venous drainage of the breast

Answer 22

drains to axillary, internal thoracic and intercostal veins

Question 23

innervation of the breast

Answer 23

anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 2nd-6th intercostal nerves

Question 24

ligaments associated with the ribs

Answer 24

costotransverse ligament-neck of the rib to transverse process
lateral costotransverse ligament- tubercle to transverse process
superior costotransverse ligament-superior surface of neck to transverse process of vertebra above

Question 25

manubrium and the xiphisternal joints are what type

Answer 25

symphyses

Question 26

what ribs are true ribs

Answer 26

1-7

Question 27

what ribs are false ribs ?

Answer 27

8-10

Question 28

what ribs are floating ribs

Answer 28

11-12

Question 29

demifacets are located where?

Answer 29

body of the vertebrae

Question 30

internal thoracic artery bifurcates where ?

Answer 30

7th intercostal space

Question 31

when the internal thoracic artery bifurcates what are the two terminal branches

Answer 31

musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries

Question 32

which muscles function in expiration

Answer 32

internal intercostals along with tranversus thoracis, innermost intercostals and subcostales

Question 33

which muscles function in inspiration

Answer 33

external intercostales

Question 34

posterior intercostal circulation

Answer 34

supreme intercostal (first 2 off the costocervical trunk) and the rest come off the thoracic aorta

Question 35

the internal thoracic artery and vein are a branch off the

Answer 35

brachiocephalic vein and artery

Question 36

ribs 2-4 are drained by

Answer 36

right superior intercostal vein to azygous and the left superior intercostal vein to brachiocephalic

Question 37

azygous vein

Answer 37

drains the posterior intercostal veins which drain into the superior vena cava

Question 38

accessory hemiazygous

Answer 38

drains upper ribs on left

Question 39

hemiazygous

Answer 39

drains lower ribs on left

Question 40

intercostal muscles are innervated by

Answer 40

anterior rami of spinal nerves T1-T11

Question 41

lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall

Answer 41

patasternal, intercostal and diaphgramatic nodes

Question 42

the parasternal lymph nodes drain into

Answer 42

bronchomediastinal trunks

Question 43

the intercostal nodes drain into

Answer 43

thoracic duct

Question 44

Things that pass through near or around the diaphragm

Answer 44

IVC at T8 esophagus and vagus at T10 aorta and thoracic duct at T12 (azygous and hemiazygous)

Question 45

arterial supply of diaphragm

Answer 45

pericardiophrenic, muscuophrenic and superior phrenic and inferior phrenic arteries

Question 46

venous drainange of diaphragm

Answer 46

azygous system, brachiocephalic and abdominal veins

Question 47

the visceral pleura is innervated by...

Answer 47

visceral afferent fibers from pulmonary plexus, no Pain

Question 48

lateral diaphragmatic pleura and mediastinal is innervated by

Answer 48

phrenic nerve

Question 49

blood supply to the lungs

Answer 49

right bronchial artery from 3rd intercostal | superior left and inferior left off aorta

Question 50

what supplies the bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 50

segmental bronchi

Question 51

four areas of constriction for esophagus

Answer 51

pharynyx arch of aorta left main bronchus esophageal hiatus at diaphragm

Question 52

lymphatic drainage of the pericardium

Answer 52

lateral percardiophrenic, and superior phrenic to brachiocephalic lymph nodes