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Anatomy > The Thorax > Flashcards

The Thorax Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the tricispid valve heard best ?

A

left of the lower part of the sternum near the 5th intercostal space

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2
Q

Where is the mitral valve heard best?

A

heard over the apex of the heart in the left 5th intercostal space at the mid clavicular line

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3
Q

Where is the pulmonary valve heard best ?

A

medial end of the left second intercostal space

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4
Q

The aortic valve is heard best ?

A

medial end of the right second intercostal space

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5
Q

Where is the aortic valve in the body

A

left part of mid sternum

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6
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve in the body

A

right lower/mid sternum

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7
Q

Where is the mitral valve in the body

A

right above the left 4th rib

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8
Q

Where is the pulmonary valve in the body

A

right on the 3rd rib left side

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9
Q

arterial supply of the SA/AV nodes

A

Right coronary artery

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10
Q

arterial supply of the AV bundle

A

usually left coronary artery

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11
Q

vascular supply to esophagus is

A

esophageal arteryes off the arota

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12
Q

esophagus drains to what veins

A

azygous system

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13
Q

What is the dermatome of the nipple

A

T4

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14
Q

What is the deratome of the xiphoid process

A

T6

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15
Q

Umbilicus is what dermatome

A

T10

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16
Q

three major functions of the thorax

A

conduit, breathing and protection of vital organs

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17
Q

boundaries of the superior thoracic aperature

A

body of T1, medial margin of Rib 1, and the manubrium

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18
Q

boundaries of inferior thoracic aperature

A

body of T12, rib 12 and rib 11, cartilagenous ends of rib 7-10 and xiphoid process (bounded by diaphgram

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19
Q

the inferior vena cava pierces the central tendon of the diaphragm to enter the abdomen at what vertebral level

A

T8

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20
Q

Significance of T4/T5 level ?

A

sternal angle
rib 2
seperates superior and inferior mediastinum
arch of aorta begins and ends
where superior vena cava penetrates pericardium, trachea bifurcation, limit of pulmonary trunk

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21
Q

arterial supply to the breast

A

axillary artery, internal thoracic, and 2-4 intercostal arteries

22
Q

venous drainage of the breast

A

drains to axillary, internal thoracic and intercostal veins

23
Q

innervation of the breast

A

anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 2nd-6th intercostal nerves

24
Q

ligaments associated with the ribs

A

costotransverse ligament-neck of the rib to transverse process
lateral costotransverse ligament- tubercle to transverse process
superior costotransverse ligament-superior surface of neck to transverse process of vertebra above

25
Q

manubrium and the xiphisternal joints are what type

A

symphyses

26
Q

what ribs are true ribs

A

1-7

27
Q

what ribs are false ribs ?

A

8-10

28
Q

what ribs are floating ribs

A

11-12

29
Q

demifacets are located where?

A

body of the vertebrae

30
Q

internal thoracic artery bifurcates where ?

A

7th intercostal space

31
Q

when the internal thoracic artery bifurcates what are the two terminal branches

A

musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries

32
Q

which muscles function in expiration

A

internal intercostals along with tranversus thoracis, innermost intercostals and subcostales

33
Q

which muscles function in inspiration

A

external intercostales

34
Q

posterior intercostal circulation

A

supreme intercostal (first 2 off the costocervical trunk) and the rest come off the thoracic aorta

35
Q

the internal thoracic artery and vein are a branch off the

A

brachiocephalic vein and artery

36
Q

ribs 2-4 are drained by

A

right superior intercostal vein to azygous and the left superior intercostal vein to brachiocephalic

37
Q

azygous vein

A

drains the posterior intercostal veins which drain into the superior vena cava

38
Q

accessory hemiazygous

A

drains upper ribs on left

39
Q

hemiazygous

A

drains lower ribs on left

40
Q

intercostal muscles are innervated by

A

anterior rami of spinal nerves T1-T11

41
Q

lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall

A

patasternal, intercostal and diaphgramatic nodes

42
Q

the parasternal lymph nodes drain into

A

bronchomediastinal trunks

43
Q

the intercostal nodes drain into

A

thoracic duct

44
Q

Things that pass through near or around the diaphragm

A

IVC at T8
esophagus and vagus at T10
aorta and thoracic duct at T12 (azygous and hemiazygous)

45
Q

arterial supply of diaphragm

A

pericardiophrenic, muscuophrenic and superior phrenic and inferior phrenic arteries

46
Q

venous drainange of diaphragm

A

azygous system, brachiocephalic and abdominal veins

47
Q

the visceral pleura is innervated by…

A

visceral afferent fibers from pulmonary plexus, no Pain

48
Q

lateral diaphragmatic pleura and mediastinal is innervated by

A

phrenic nerve

49
Q

blood supply to the lungs

A

right bronchial artery from 3rd intercostal

superior left and inferior left off aorta

50
Q

what supplies the bronchopulmonary segments

A

segmental bronchi

51
Q

four areas of constriction for esophagus

A

pharynyx
arch of aorta
left main bronchus
esophageal hiatus at diaphragm

52
Q

lymphatic drainage of the pericardium

A

lateral percardiophrenic, and superior phrenic to brachiocephalic lymph nodes

Anatomy (22 decks)

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