JOINTS Flashcards

1
Q

If there is a “cavity” between skeletal elements this is called ?

A

synovial joint

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2
Q

if there is NO cavity between two skeletal elements this is called ?

A

solid joint

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3
Q

What are the general characteristics of synovial joints /

A

hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surfaces
joint capsule consisting of synovial membrane and fibrous membrane
membrane attaches to margins of the surfaces and produces a fluid
fibrous membrane- surround and stabilizes the joint

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4
Q

plane joints

A

allow sliding and gliding when bones move across the surface of another (acromioclavicular)

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5
Q

hinge joints

A

allow movement around ONE axis permits flexion and extension (elbow joint

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6
Q

pivot joints

A

movement around one axis that passes longitudinaly along the shaft of the bone; permits rotation (atlantoaxial joint)

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7
Q

bicondylar joints

A

allow movement in one axis and limited movement in another (knee joint) formed by two convex condyles articulating with two concave flat surfaces

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8
Q

condylar joints

A

allow movement around two axes that are at right angles to each other (extension, flextion, abduction adduction and limited circumduction
(wrist joint)

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9
Q

saddle joint

A

allows movement around two axes that are at right angles, articular surfaces are saddle shaped, allows everything as condylar but also circumduction (thumb)

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10
Q

ball and socket joints

A

allow movement around multiple axes Hip joint is an example

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11
Q

fibrous joints

A

sutures gomphoses, and syndesmoses

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12
Q

cartilagenous joints

A

synchondroses and sympheses

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13
Q

sutures

A

in skull; adjacent bones are linked together by a thin layer of connective tissue

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14
Q

gomphoses

A

teeth and adjacent bone

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15
Q

syndesmoses

A

two adjacent bones are linked by a ligament

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16
Q

synchondroses

A

two ossification centers remain separated by cartilage

17
Q

sympheses

A

two separate bone are interconnected by cartilages

18
Q

sternoclavicular joints

A

innervation-subclavian and supraclavicular
modified ball and socket
blood supply-internal thoracic, suprascapular, supreme thoracic and clavicular branch of thoracromial artery

19
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

plane joint
blood supply- lateral thoracic, acromial branch of thoracoacromial
innervation- axillary n, supraclavicular nerve, lateral pectoral nerve

20
Q

Glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint)

A

ball and socket
blood supply- suprascapular artery and anterior/posterior circumflex humeral arteries
innervation-suprascapular, axillary and lateral pectoral nerve

21
Q

coracohumeral ligament

A

blends with capsule of shoulder

22
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

roof of joint prevents superior dislocation

23
Q

transverse humeral ligament

A

holds the biceps tendon in the intertubercular groove

24
Q

glenohumeral ligaments

A

thickened parts of the articular capsule which is visible from inside the joint

25
elbow joint
compound joint
26
What is the arterial supply to the elbow joint
``` formed by 7 arteris superior ulnar collateral inferior ulnar collateral radial collateral middle collateral ulnar recurrent artery radial recurrent artery interosseous recurrent artery ```
27
What is the innervation of the elbow joint
all of the antebrachial nerves | ulnar, radial, median and musculocutaneous nerve
28
Distal radioulnar joint
pivot joint blood supply- anterior and posterior interosseous arteris innervation- median and radial nerves
29
radiocarpal joint
ellipsoid joint (biaxial)
30
carpus metacarpus joint
plane joint
31
carpometacarpal joint of pllex
biaxial saddle joint
32
distal interphalangeal joints
hing joint
33
proximal interphalangeal joints
hinge joint
34
metacarpophalangeal joints
ball and socket in shape
35
facet or zygapophysial joints
synovial joint/gliding | innervated by dorsal rami
36
what innervates the vertebral disks ?
sympathetic vertebral plexus; sinuvertebral nerves from ventral ramis