JOINTS Flashcards
If there is a “cavity” between skeletal elements this is called ?
synovial joint
if there is NO cavity between two skeletal elements this is called ?
solid joint
What are the general characteristics of synovial joints /
hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surfaces
joint capsule consisting of synovial membrane and fibrous membrane
membrane attaches to margins of the surfaces and produces a fluid
fibrous membrane- surround and stabilizes the joint
plane joints
allow sliding and gliding when bones move across the surface of another (acromioclavicular)
hinge joints
allow movement around ONE axis permits flexion and extension (elbow joint
pivot joints
movement around one axis that passes longitudinaly along the shaft of the bone; permits rotation (atlantoaxial joint)
bicondylar joints
allow movement in one axis and limited movement in another (knee joint) formed by two convex condyles articulating with two concave flat surfaces
condylar joints
allow movement around two axes that are at right angles to each other (extension, flextion, abduction adduction and limited circumduction
(wrist joint)
saddle joint
allows movement around two axes that are at right angles, articular surfaces are saddle shaped, allows everything as condylar but also circumduction (thumb)
ball and socket joints
allow movement around multiple axes Hip joint is an example
fibrous joints
sutures gomphoses, and syndesmoses
cartilagenous joints
synchondroses and sympheses
sutures
in skull; adjacent bones are linked together by a thin layer of connective tissue
gomphoses
teeth and adjacent bone
syndesmoses
two adjacent bones are linked by a ligament
synchondroses
two ossification centers remain separated by cartilage
sympheses
two separate bone are interconnected by cartilages
sternoclavicular joints
innervation-subclavian and supraclavicular
modified ball and socket
blood supply-internal thoracic, suprascapular, supreme thoracic and clavicular branch of thoracromial artery
acromioclavicular joint
plane joint
blood supply- lateral thoracic, acromial branch of thoracoacromial
innervation- axillary n, supraclavicular nerve, lateral pectoral nerve
Glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint)
ball and socket
blood supply- suprascapular artery and anterior/posterior circumflex humeral arteries
innervation-suprascapular, axillary and lateral pectoral nerve
coracohumeral ligament
blends with capsule of shoulder
coracoacromial ligament
roof of joint prevents superior dislocation
transverse humeral ligament
holds the biceps tendon in the intertubercular groove
glenohumeral ligaments
thickened parts of the articular capsule which is visible from inside the joint
elbow joint
compound joint
What is the arterial supply to the elbow joint
formed by 7 arteris superior ulnar collateral inferior ulnar collateral radial collateral middle collateral ulnar recurrent artery radial recurrent artery interosseous recurrent artery
What is the innervation of the elbow joint
all of the antebrachial nerves
ulnar, radial, median and musculocutaneous nerve
Distal radioulnar joint
pivot joint
blood supply- anterior and posterior interosseous arteris
innervation- median and radial nerves
radiocarpal joint
ellipsoid joint (biaxial)
carpus metacarpus joint
plane joint
carpometacarpal joint of pllex
biaxial saddle joint
distal interphalangeal joints
hing joint
proximal interphalangeal joints
hinge joint
metacarpophalangeal joints
ball and socket in shape
facet or zygapophysial joints
synovial joint/gliding
innervated by dorsal rami
what innervates the vertebral disks ?
sympathetic vertebral plexus; sinuvertebral nerves from ventral ramis
