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Anatomy > Head and Neck Exam > Flashcards

Head and Neck Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What structures pass through the parotid gland ?

A 
transverse facial
CN VII
retromandibular
ext. carotid
auriculotemporal of V3
lymph nodes
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2
Q

plastysma m is in what layer of fascia

A

superficial fascia

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3
Q

the great auricular nerve runs with…..

A

external jugular v

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4
Q

prevertebral fascia that extends over the apex of the lung is called

A

sibson’s fascia

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5
Q

prevertebral fascia that covers the brachial plexus is called

A

axillary sheath

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6
Q

in between the two heads of sternocleidomastoid you will find what vessel

A

IJV

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7
Q

what is the inferior attachment of omohyoid

A

scapula

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8
Q

what two structures can be smooshed between the two scalene muscles

A

brachial plexus and subclavian artery

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9
Q

what two scalene attach to rib 1

A

anterior and middle

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10
Q

what scalene attaches to rib 2

A

posterior

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11
Q

What are the branches off the external carotid artery

A 
superior thyroid 
ascneding pharyngeal
lingual
facial
posterior auricular
superficial temporal
maxillary artery
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12
Q

carotid sinus is innervated by

A

CN IX

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13
Q

carotid body is innervated by

A

CN IX and X

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14
Q

ansa cervicalis innervates what three muscles

A

sternohyoid, sternothyroid and omohyoid

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15
Q

what are the cutaneous nerves of the neck

A

transverse cervical-anterior neck
supraclavicular-trap area
great auricular- ear ear
lesser occipital-behind ear

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16
Q

where does ansa cervicalis sit on top of

A

internal carotid artery

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17
Q

external laryngeal nerve has a friend which is

A

superior thyroid artery

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18
Q

the hypoglossal nerve loops around what artery

A

occipital artery off ECA

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19
Q

the phrenic nerve should lie

A

on top of the anterior scalene

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20
Q

the ____________ drains the tonsils and tonsillar region

A

jugulodigastric

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21
Q

the ___________________ drains the tongue

A

juguloomohyoid

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22
Q

internal laryngeal nerve runs with

A

superior laryngeal artery

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23
Q

what is the function of the arachnoid granulations

A

allow CSF to exit the subarachnoid space and enter the venous system

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24
Q

laceration of the middle meningeal artery will result in

A

extradural hemoatoma

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25
Q

rupture of a bridging vein will result in a

A

subdural hemoatoma

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26
Q

anterior cranial fossa innervated by

A

v1

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27
Q

middle cranial fossa innervated by =

A

v2 and v3

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28
Q

posterior cranial fossa innervated by

A

C1, C2, and C3 and vagus

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29
Q

four major arteries of the fface

A

facial, maxillary, optalmic and superficial temporal

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30
Q

which facial space can extend down throught eh mediastinum and to the diaphragm

A

fascia space within the prevertebral alyer

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31
Q

what two veins form the external jugular

A

posterior retromandibular and posterior auricular vein

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32
Q

posterior retromandibular vein is from

A

superfficial temporal and maxillary

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33
Q

posterior maxillary vein and facial vein form

A

common facial vein

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34
Q

innervation of stylohyoid

A

facial

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35
Q

innervation of anterior digastric

A

nerve to mylohyoid from mandibular

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36
Q

posterior diagastric innnervation

A

facial VI

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37
Q

innervation of mylohyoid

A

nerve to mylohyoid from mandibular V3

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38
Q

innervation of geniohyoid

A

ant. rami of C1 carriers with hypoglossal

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39
Q

sternohyoid innervated by

A

ant rami of c1-c3 ansa cervicalis

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40
Q

omohyoid innervated by

A

ant rami of c1-c3 ansa cervicalis

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41
Q

thyrohyoid innervated by

A

ant rami of c1 carried along with hypoglossal XI

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42
Q

sternothyroid innervated by

A

ant rami of c1-c3 ansa cervicalis

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43
Q

what artery is found level to the hyoid bone

A

lingual artery

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44
Q

nerve innervates trapezius

A

accessory

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45
Q

nerve innervates sternocleidomastoid

A

accessory

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46
Q

scalene muscles innervated by

A

antterior rami of C5-C7

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47
Q

omohyoid innervated by

A

ansa cervicalis

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48
Q

rectus capitus anterior innervated by

A

ant rami c2-c2

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49
Q

rectus capitus lateralis innervated by

A

ant rami c1-c2

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50
Q

longus capitus and longus coli innervated by

A

ant rami

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51
Q

branches off subclavian artery

A 
vertebral
thyrocervical trunk 
inferior thyroid 
ascending cervical
transverse cervical
suprascapular, internal thoracic, costocervical truink
deep cervical
supreme intercostal arter
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52
Q

menumonic for subclavian artyer branches

A

very tired individuals sip strong coffee served daily

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53
Q

external ear consists of ….

A

auricle, and external auditory meatus

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54
Q

muscles of the auricle are innervated by

A

facial

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55
Q

blood supply to the ear includes

A

superficial temporal, posterior auricular, deep auricular

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56
Q

middle ear is located within

A

temporal bone

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57
Q

the middle ear opens to the pharnyx via

A

pharyngotympanic tube and mastoid antrum

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58
Q

three mechanisms that prevent damage to internal ear

A

auditoryt ube, shape of ossicle joints, middle ear muscles

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59
Q

what bone seperates the middle ear cavity from the middle brain

A

tegman tympani

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60
Q

nerves within middle ear cavity

A

VIII
lesser petrosal
corticotympanic plexus, typanic plexus, typanic nerve, chordatympany

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61
Q

which bone can you see through the tynpanic membrane

A

malleus

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62
Q

external surface of the typanic membrane innervated by

A

3/4 via auriculotemporal, X, VII

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63
Q

internal surface of tympanic membrane innervated by

A

CN IX

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64
Q

what ear structure goes through the superior constrictor muscle

A

pharyngotympanic tube

65
Q

fracture of the external auditory meatus can result in

A

bleeding ear and leakage of CSF

66
Q

incus malleus joint is

67
Q

incus stapedial is what type of joint

A

ball and socket

68
Q

malleus head articulates with

69
Q

tensor tympani innervated by

70
Q

stapedius msulce innerated by

A

nerve to stapedius from facial

71
Q

function of stapedius muscle

A

dampens vibrations from the ossicles

72
Q

external ear lymph

73
Q

middle ear lymph

A

parotid, jugulodigastric

74
Q

auditory tube

A

retropharyngeal

75
Q

inner ear is found in what part of the temporal bone

A

petrous portion

76
Q

outer surface of the ear cutaneous innervation

A

great auricular nerve and lesser occipital and auriculartemporal

77
Q

deeper portion of the ear is innervated by

A

vagus nerve (x) and facial VII

78
Q

tympanic nerve is a branch off _________

A

glossopharyngeal and internal carotid plexus

79
Q

tympanic plexus gives rise to what nerve

A

lesser petrosal nerve

80
Q

sensory to upper ant portion of ear

A

trigeminal via auriculotemporal nerve

81
Q

concha area of ear sensory is

A

vagus and glossopharyngeal

82
Q

posterir helix portion is sensory

83
Q

lower ear lobe

A

cervical plexus, lesser occipital nerves and greater auricular nerve

84
Q

anterior 2/3 sensory to tongue is via

A

lingual v3 and vII chorda tympani via lingual

85
Q

posterior 1/3 of tongue sensory is

A

IX and a small X

86
Q

sublinqual absorption of drugs

A

drugs quickly enter sulingual vein and then inter IJV

87
Q

sublingual caruncles

A

raised papilla like openigs of submandibular glands

88
Q

sublingual folds

A

opens for sublingual ducts

89
Q

deep portion of the submandibular gland over lies

A

mylohyoid muscle

90
Q

_____________supplies the palatine tonsil

A

tonsillar artery

91
Q

What are the sumandibular branches of facial

A

ascneding palatine, tonsillar, submental, glandular

92
Q

submandibular and sublinqual glands arterial supply

A

submental a

93
Q

parasympathetic innervation to submandibular glands and sublingual glands is via

A

facial N l chorda tympani

94
Q

anterior nasal cavity drains

A

facial/submandibular nodes

95
Q

posterior nasal cavity drains

A

submucosal plexus to torus tubarius to jugulodigastric

96
Q

what are the three points of attachment for the lateral walls of the pharynx

A

medial plate of the pterygoid, hammulus
stylohyoid lig
thyroid/cricoid cartialge

97
Q

the hyoid seperates what constrictors of the pharnyx

A

middle and inferior

98
Q

constrictors of the pharnyx are innervated by

A

vagus nerve

99
Q

the ___________is posterior to the stylopharyngeus muscle and then moves lateral to it

A

glossopharyngeal

100
Q

What are the three longitudinal muscles that elevate the pharyngeal wall

A

salpingopharyngeus
palatopharygeus
styloparyngeus

101
Q

longitudinal muscles of pharyngeal wall innervated by

A

vagus nerve

102
Q

what structures pass superior to superior constrictor

A

levator veli palatini, tendon of tensor veli palatini

103
Q

what passes throuh the thyrohyoid membrane

A

superior laryngeal a/v

internal laryngeal nerve

104
Q

what passes below the inferior constrictor

A

recurrent laryngeal

105
Q

what lies beneath torus levatorius

A

levator palatini

106
Q

sensory innervation of nasopharnyx

107
Q

sensory innervation of oropharnyx

A

glossopharyngeal

108
Q

sensory to laryngopharnyx

109
Q

what is at risk when a tonsilectomy is performed

A

tonsilar artery
tonsilar vein
glossopharyngeal N

110
Q

cricothyroid innervated by

A

superior laryngeal nerve

111
Q

laryngeal muscles innervtaed by recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus

A

thyroarytenoid
transverse arytenoid
oblique arytenoid
posterior crico-arytenoid

112
Q

what muscle lowers pitch

A

thyroarytenoid

113
Q

what provides sensory innervation above the vocal folds

A

internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve

114
Q

what provide sensory innervation below vocal folds

A

recurrent laryngeal

115
Q

what are the layers of the scalp

A 
skin
connective tissue (dense)
aponeurosis
loose connective tissue
pericranium
116
Q

where is the muscle found in the scalp

A

aponeurotic layer

117
Q

what arteries supply the anterior scalp

A

supratrochelar and supraorbital

118
Q

what arteries supply infront of the ear of the scalop

A

superficial temporal

119
Q

what arteris supply behind the ear of the scalp

A

posterior auricular

120
Q

what artery supplys the back of the scalp

121
Q

what nerve supplies cutaneous to back of scalp

A

greater occipital (dorsal rami c2)

122
Q

what nerve supplies behind the ear of scalp

A

lesser occipital

123
Q

what nerve supplies infront of the ear of the scalop

A

auriculotemporal n

124
Q

what nerve supplies infront of the ear of the scalp more anteiror

A

zygomaticotemporal

125
Q

what nerve supplies anterior portion of scalp

A

supratrochlear, supraorbital via frontal nerve

126
Q

upper eye lid sensory

127
Q

point of nose

128
Q

lower eyelid

129
Q

upper lip

130
Q

lower lip

131
Q

inner ear

132
Q

outer ear

A

great auriicular

133
Q

notrils

134
Q

arteries of the face

A 
superficial temporal gives transverse facial artery
facial
-in/sup labial
-lat nasal
angular facial
135
Q

maxillary artery gives what branch of artery to help supply below the eyeball

A

infraorbital a

136
Q

opthalmic artery give rise to what arteries of the face

A

supratrochlear, supraorbital, dorsal nasal, zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofacial

137
Q

what are the branches off facial nerve

A 
temporal
zygomatic
buccal
mandibular
cervical
138
Q

motor innervation of the face is via

139
Q

where does the facial nerve exit the skull

A

stylomastoid foramen

140
Q

sensory to parotid gland

A

great auricular nerve

141
Q

parasympatehtics to parotid gland

A

lesser petrosal n, synpases in otic ganglion, hitchikes on auriculotemporal N (V3)

142
Q

sympathetic to parotid gland

A

superior cervical ganglion

143
Q

what are the two layers of dura mater called

A

periosteal and meningeal layers

144
Q

dural venous sinuses are within what meningeal layers

145
Q

anterior dura innervated by

146
Q

middle dura innervated by

147
Q

poterior fossa innervated by

A

c1,c2,c3 and vagus

148
Q

blood supply to the dura is

A

mostly middle meningeal a

149
Q

between arachnoid and dura bridging cerebral veins

A

subdural hematoma

150
Q

masster muscle innervated by

A

trigeminal v3

151
Q

temporalis muscle innervated by

A

trigeminal

152
Q

what muscles function in protrusion of mandible

A

lateral pterygoid and medial pterygoid

153
Q

what muscles function in retraction of mandible

A

temporalis, masseter and geniohyoid and digastric

154
Q

muscles that function in elevation

A

temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid

155
Q

depression of mandible is by what muscles

A

gravity, digastric, geniohyoid and mylohyoid

156
Q

contents of infratemporal fossa

A 
sphenomandibular ligament, medial and lateral pterygoid
maxillary artery
pterygoid venous plexus
V3
chorda tympani
lesser petrosal
post sup alveolar
157
Q

accessory meningeal artery enters what part of the skull

A

foramen ovale

158
Q

middle meningeal artery enters what part the skull

A

formane spinosum

Anatomy (22 decks)

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