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Anatomy > The orbit > Flashcards

The orbit Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 7 bones that make up the bony orbit

A 
sphenoid
ethmoid
lacrimal
frontal
maxilla
zyomatic
palatine
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2
Q

What are the 5 layers of the eyelid

A 
skin
loose CT
muscular layer
tarsofacial layer
conjunctiva
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3
Q

action of orbicularis oculi

A

oculi part is forceful closing

palpebrral-blinking

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4
Q

what is orbicularis oculi innervated by

A

facial nerve VII

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5
Q

damage to the orbicularis oculi is associated with

A

inability to blink, dry eye, pain in eye

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6
Q

action of levator palpebrae superioris

A

raises the eyelid

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7
Q

what is levator palebrae superioris innervated by

A

oculomotor nerve III

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8
Q

loss of function of the superior tarsal or levator palpebrae superiosis

A

ptosis of the upper eyelid

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9
Q

function of the tarsal gland

A

functions to increase the viscosity of the tears and decreases the rate of evaporation of tears from the surface of the eyeball

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10
Q

blockage of the tarsal gland results in

A

chalazion (inner surface of eyelid

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11
Q

blockage of the sebaceous or sweat glands associated with the hair follicles is called

A

stye (edge of eyelid)

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12
Q

loss of innervation of the orbicularis oculi results in what and what nerve is injured

A

facial nerve; inability to close eyelids tightly and lower eyelid droops

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13
Q

loss of innervation of the levator palpebrae superioris by the oculomotor nerve results in

A

complete ptosis

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14
Q

loss of innervation of the superior tarsal muscle by sympathetic fibers results in

A

partial ptosis

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15
Q

what are the three features of horner’s syndrome

A

pupillary constriction
partial ptosis
absence of sweating on the same side of the face and neck due to absence of innervation to the sweat glands

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16
Q

direction of fluid within the eye as you blink

A

lateral to medial

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17
Q

_______________is the opening through which fluid enters each canliculus

A

lacrimal punctum

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18
Q

sensory innervation of the lacrimal gland is via

A

opthalmic V1

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19
Q

parasympathetic innervation of lacrima gland

A 
facial + greater petrosal= nerve to pterygoid canal
PPG
joines maxillary
travels with zygomatic nerve branches
lacrimal nerve
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20
Q

sympathetic innervation to lacrimal gland

A

same but don’t synapse in PPG lacrimal nerve

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21
Q

what is the periosteum that lines the bones of the orbi

A

periorbita

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22
Q

superior rectus action

A

elevation ,addduction and internal rotation of eyeball

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23
Q

inferior rectus action

A

depression, adduction, external rotation of eyeball

24
Q

medial rectus action

A

adduction of eyeball

25
Q

lateral rectus action

A

abduction of eyeball

26
Q

innervation of superior rectus, inferior rectus medial rectus and inferior oblique

A

oculomotor III

27
Q

lateral rectus innervated by

A

abducent nerve

28
Q

superior oblque innervated by

A

trochlear nerve

29
Q

superior oblique action

A

down and out

30
Q

inferior oblique action

A

up and out

31
Q

how do you clinically test superior rectus

A

look laterally and upward

32
Q

how do you clinically test inferior rectus

A

look laterally and down

33
Q

how do you clinically test lateral rectus

A

look laterally

34
Q

how do you clinically test medial rectus

A

look medially

35
Q

how do you test inferior oblique

A

look medially and upward

36
Q

how do you test superior oblique

A

look medially and downward

37
Q

what artery supplies the orbit

A

opthalmic artery

38
Q

3 sources of venous drainage to the orbit

A

cavernous sinus, pterygoid plexus and angular vein

39
Q

opthalmic V1 exist MCF via

A

SOF

40
Q

What are the branches off opthalmic nerve

A

N- nasociliary
F-frontal (supratrochlear and supraorbital)
L- lacrimal

41
Q

branches of nasociliary nerve

A 
communicating branch
long ciliary
posterhroi ethmoidal
anterior ethmooidal
infratrochelar
42
Q

superior division of oculomotor nerve innervates

A

superior rectus and levator palebrae

43
Q

inferior division of oculomotor innervates

A

inferior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior oblique

44
Q

trochlear nerve innervates what eye muscle

A

superior oblique

45
Q

abducent nerve innervates

A

lateral rectus

46
Q

mneumonic for eye muscles

A

LR6, SO4, AO3

47
Q

corneal reflex

A

opthalmic v1 afferent, VII efferent orbicularis oculi

48
Q

cranial nerve __________ senses the light in the pupillary light reflex

A

CN II

49
Q

cranial nerve _______ carriers the parasympathetics that constrict the pupil

A

CN III

50
Q

what is the outside of layer of the eyeball called

A

fibrous layer consists of cornea and sclera

51
Q

vascular layers of eyeball

A

choroid

52
Q

nervous or inner layer of the eyeball

A

retina

53
Q

vascular layer of the eyeball includes

A

choroid, ciliary body, and the iris

54
Q

what artery can you see with an otoscope

A

central retinal artery

55
Q

what is the optic disk

A

blind spon in the eye (yellow)

Anatomy (22 decks)

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