The orbit

Question 1

what are the 7 bones that make up the bony orbit

Answer 1

sphenoid
ethmoid
lacrimal
frontal
maxilla
zyomatic
palatine

Question 2

What are the 5 layers of the eyelid

Answer 2

skin
loose CT
muscular layer
tarsofacial layer
conjunctiva

Question 3

action of orbicularis oculi

Answer 3

oculi part is forceful closing

palpebrral-blinking

Question 4

what is orbicularis oculi innervated by

Answer 4

facial nerve VII

Question 5

damage to the orbicularis oculi is associated with

Answer 5

inability to blink, dry eye, pain in eye

Question 6

action of levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 6

raises the eyelid

Question 7

what is levator palebrae superioris innervated by

Answer 7

oculomotor nerve III

Question 8

loss of function of the superior tarsal or levator palpebrae superiosis

Answer 8

ptosis of the upper eyelid

Question 9

function of the tarsal gland

Answer 9

functions to increase the viscosity of the tears and decreases the rate of evaporation of tears from the surface of the eyeball

Question 10

blockage of the tarsal gland results in

Answer 10

chalazion (inner surface of eyelid

Question 11

blockage of the sebaceous or sweat glands associated with the hair follicles is called

Answer 11

stye (edge of eyelid)

Question 12

loss of innervation of the orbicularis oculi results in what and what nerve is injured

Answer 12

facial nerve; inability to close eyelids tightly and lower eyelid droops

Question 13

loss of innervation of the levator palpebrae superioris by the oculomotor nerve results in

Answer 13

complete ptosis

Question 14

loss of innervation of the superior tarsal muscle by sympathetic fibers results in

Answer 14

partial ptosis

Question 15

what are the three features of horner’s syndrome

Answer 15

pupillary constriction
partial ptosis
absence of sweating on the same side of the face and neck due to absence of innervation to the sweat glands

Question 16

direction of fluid within the eye as you blink

Answer 16

lateral to medial

Question 17

_______________is the opening through which fluid enters each canliculus

Answer 17

lacrimal punctum

Question 18

sensory innervation of the lacrimal gland is via

Answer 18

opthalmic V1

Question 19

parasympathetic innervation of lacrima gland

Answer 19

facial + greater petrosal= nerve to pterygoid canal
PPG
joines maxillary
travels with zygomatic nerve branches
lacrimal nerve

Question 20

sympathetic innervation to lacrimal gland

Answer 20

same but don’t synapse in PPG lacrimal nerve

Question 21

what is the periosteum that lines the bones of the orbi

Answer 21

periorbita

Question 22

superior rectus action

Answer 22

elevation ,addduction and internal rotation of eyeball

Question 23

inferior rectus action

Answer 23

depression, adduction, external rotation of eyeball

Question 24

medial rectus action

Answer 24

adduction of eyeball

Question 25

lateral rectus action

Answer 25

abduction of eyeball

Question 26

innervation of superior rectus, inferior rectus medial rectus and inferior oblique

Answer 26

oculomotor III

Question 27

lateral rectus innervated by

Answer 27

abducent nerve

Question 28

superior oblque innervated by

Answer 28

trochlear nerve

Question 29

superior oblique action

Answer 29

down and out

Question 30

inferior oblique action

Answer 30

up and out

Question 31

how do you clinically test superior rectus

Answer 31

look laterally and upward

Question 32

how do you clinically test inferior rectus

Answer 32

look laterally and down

Question 33

how do you clinically test lateral rectus

Answer 33

look laterally

Question 34

how do you clinically test medial rectus

Answer 34

look medially

Question 35

how do you test inferior oblique

Answer 35

look medially and upward

Question 36

how do you test superior oblique

Answer 36

look medially and downward

Question 37

what artery supplies the orbit

Answer 37

opthalmic artery

Question 38

3 sources of venous drainage to the orbit

Answer 38

cavernous sinus, pterygoid plexus and angular vein

Question 39

opthalmic V1 exist MCF via

Answer 39

SOF

Question 40

What are the branches off opthalmic nerve

Answer 40

N- nasociliary F-frontal (supratrochlear and supraorbital) L- lacrimal

Question 41

branches of nasociliary nerve

Answer 41

``` communicating branch long ciliary posterhroi ethmoidal anterior ethmooidal infratrochelar ```

Question 42

superior division of oculomotor nerve innervates

Answer 42

superior rectus and levator palebrae

Question 43

inferior division of oculomotor innervates

Answer 43

inferior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior oblique

Question 44

trochlear nerve innervates what eye muscle

Answer 44

superior oblique

Question 45

abducent nerve innervates

Answer 45

lateral rectus

Question 46

mneumonic for eye muscles

Answer 46

LR6, SO4, AO3

Question 47

corneal reflex

Answer 47

opthalmic v1 afferent, VII efferent orbicularis oculi

Question 48

cranial nerve __________ senses the light in the pupillary light reflex

Answer 48

CN II

Question 49

cranial nerve _______ carriers the parasympathetics that constrict the pupil

Answer 49

CN III

Question 50

what is the outside of layer of the eyeball called

Answer 50

fibrous layer consists of cornea and sclera

Question 51

vascular layers of eyeball

Answer 51

choroid

Question 52

nervous or inner layer of the eyeball

Answer 52

retina

Question 53

vascular layer of the eyeball includes

Answer 53

choroid, ciliary body, and the iris

Question 54

what artery can you see with an otoscope

Answer 54

central retinal artery

Question 55

what is the optic disk

Answer 55

blind spon in the eye (yellow)