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Anatomy > Pelvis and Perineum > Flashcards

Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

what type of joint is the lumbosacral jt

A

symphysis (secondary cartilagenous)

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2
Q

the sacroilliac is what type of joint ?

A

compound joint (plane and syndesmosis

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3
Q

pubic symphysis is what type of joint

A

secondary cartilagenous

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4
Q

what two ligaments help the sacrom from tilting upward

A

sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligament

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5
Q

what prevents the sacrum from sliding forward

A

articular prrocesses and the illiolumbar ligaments

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6
Q

which sex has a wider sciatic notch

A

females

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7
Q

which sex has a wider subpubic angle

A

females

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8
Q

which sex has a longer pubis bone /

A

females

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9
Q

other names for the pelvic diaphragm

A

urogenital diaphragm or deep perineal pouch

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10
Q

what helps seperates the pelvic cavity from the perineum

A

pelvic diaphragm

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11
Q

what three muscles make up the levator ani

A

pubococcygeus puborectalis and iliococcygeus

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12
Q

what muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani and coccygeus

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13
Q

levator ani are innervated by

A

S4 (nerve to levator ani and inferior rectal n

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14
Q

coccygeus are innervated by

A

S3-S4

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15
Q

relaxation or contraction of the puborectalis allows you to defecate ?

A

relaxes

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16
Q

what is the pubovesical ligament

A

pubis to bladder or prostate

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17
Q

heart shaped pelvic inlet

A

males

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18
Q

round shaped pelvic inlet

A

females

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19
Q

innervation of the obturator internus

A

nerve to obturator internus L5-S1

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20
Q

innervation of the piriformis

A

branches from L5, S1 and S2

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21
Q

action of the obturator internus and piriformis

A

lateral rotation of the extended hip joint

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22
Q

insertion of obturator internus and piriformis

A

medial side of greater trochanter

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23
Q

List what passes below piriformis muscle

A 
inflerior gluteal a,v,n
internal pudendal vessels
posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
obturator internus
quadratus femoris
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24
Q

function of the coccyx

A

pulls coccyx forward after defecation

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25
Q

what is the innervation of the deep perineal pouch /?

A

perineal branches S2-S4

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26
Q

male ureter passes

A

under ductus deferans

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27
Q

female ureter passes

A

under uterine artery

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28
Q

blood supply to ureter

A

gonadal, renal, common and internal iliac, vsical and uterine

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29
Q

innervation of ureters

A

renal, aortic, superior and inferior hypogastric plexus (T10-L1)

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30
Q

lymphatic drainage of ureters

A

aortic nodes, common, internal and external iliac lymph nodes

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31
Q

What stabilizes the bladder ?

A

puboprostatic/pubovesical holds the neck
posteriorly hed by rectovesical ligaments
median umbilical ligmanet attaches bladder to the umbillicus

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32
Q

detrusor muscle is innervated by parasympathetics or sympathetics

A

parasympathetics

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33
Q

arterial supply to bladder

A

superior vesical, inferior vesical, vaginal

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34
Q

bladder drains to

A

external and internal iliac nodes

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35
Q

bulborethal glands secrete into

A

spongy/penile urethra

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36
Q

blood supply to male urethra

A

inferior vesical, middle rectal, internal pudendal arteries

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37
Q

what is the tissue that surrounds the uretrha

A

corpus spongiosum

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38
Q

inferolateral portion of the prostate is realted to

A

levator ani

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39
Q

prostatic capsule

A

dense covering surrounded by fibrous capsule around prostate that is continuous with puboprostatic ligaments (prostatic plexus lies between capsule and the sheath)

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40
Q

blood supply to the prostate

A

inferior vesical, internal pudendal, middle rectal arteries

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41
Q

innervation of prostate

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves and inferior hypogastric plexus

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42
Q

venous drainage of prostate

A

vesicular plexus communicates with internal vertebral plexus

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43
Q

what structure does the ductus deferans cross posterior to the bladder

A

ureter

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44
Q

blood supply to seminal vesicals

A

inferior vesical and middle rectal arteries

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45
Q

structures important in uterine support

A

levator ani
deep perineal pouch
pelvic organs (bladder)
uterine ligaments

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46
Q

transverse cervical ligament

A

cervix and lateral fornices of vagina to lateral pelvic wall

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47
Q

uterosacral ligaments

A

sides of cervix to middle sacrum

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48
Q

round ligament

A

uterus to labia majora

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49
Q

ovarian ligament

A

uterus to ovary

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50
Q

blood supply to the uterus

A

majority from uterine artery

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51
Q

fundus of uterus

A

drains to lumbar, external illiac

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52
Q

body of uterus

A

drains to external illiac

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53
Q

cervix of uterus

A

internal illiac and sacral lymph nodes

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54
Q

where uterine tubes join uterus what is lymphatic drainage

A

superficial inquinal lymph nodes (follows round ligament)

55
Q

innervation of uterus

A

S2,3,4 sympathetics, lumbar splanchnics, intermesenteric, and hypogastric plexues

56
Q

what are the four vaginal sphincters

A

pubovaginalis, external urethral sphincter, uretrhovaginal sphincter and bulbospongiosus

57
Q

upper 2/3 of vagina drains

A

internal and external iliac

58
Q

lower 1/3 of vagina drains

A

superficial inquinal

59
Q

upper 2/3 of the vagina innervation

A

visceral innervation

60
Q

lower 1/3 of the vagina innervation gets

A

somatic innervation

61
Q

venous drainage of vagina

A

drains to internal iliac veins

62
Q

blood supply to vagina is

A

uterine and vaginal arteries

63
Q

blood supply to the ovaries

A

ovarian arteries

64
Q

nerve to the ovaries

A

pelvic splanchnics

65
Q

lymph drainage to ovaries

A

lumbar lymph nodes

66
Q

labium majora drains to

A

superficial inquinal

67
Q

rectum starts at what level

68
Q

blood supply to rectum

A

superior, middle and inferior rectal

69
Q

innervation of rectum

A

hind gut innervation

sympathetic- lumbar splanchnics (superior hypogastric) and parasympathetics- pelvic splanchnics

70
Q

contents of the superficial pouch

A

2 erectile bodies and 3 muscles

71
Q

what are the 2 erretile bodies of the superfical pouch

A

corpus spongiousm and corpus cavernosum

72
Q

what are the three muscles of the superficial pouch

A

bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus
superficial transverse perineal

73
Q

what are the muscles of the deep pouch

A 
deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter
urethrovaginal sphincter (F)
compressore urethrae (F)
74
Q

colles fascia is continues with

A

scarpas fascia

75
Q

attachments of colles fascia

A

fascia lata of thigh, pubic arch, posterior border of perineal membrane

76
Q

dartos fascia is

A

superficial perineal fascia on the penis/scrotum

77
Q

deep perineal fascia is continous with fascia of the

A

external oblique and external spermatic fascia

78
Q

deep perineal fascia is called

A

bucks fascia

79
Q

what forms the suspensory ligament of the penis and clitoris

A

bucks fascia

80
Q

bulb of the penis is penetrated by

81
Q

what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle

A

arises from ischial tuberosity and pubic ischial rami and functions to move flood from caudal to more rostral levels of the corpora cavernosus and compresses the deep dorsal vein of the penis

82
Q

what is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle

A

empties urethra, compresses erectile tissue, compresses deep dorsal vein, contracts repeatedly during ejaculation

83
Q

what is the blood supply to the vulva

A

internal pudendal and external pudendal

84
Q

what is lymphatic drainage of the vulva

A

superficial inquinal lymph nodes

85
Q

what arteries are associated with errection

A

deep arteries and branches of dorsal aorta

86
Q

venous drainage of the penis/clitoris

A

superficial dorsal vein drains penis/clitoris into the superficial external pudendal external pudendal drains ant. labia majora and scrutom into femorall

87
Q

impotence is caused by

A

traumatic injury to pudendal nerve or pelvis splanchnic nerves

88
Q

what innervates the external anal sphincter, and sensory to skin of anal triangle

A

inferior rectal nerve

89
Q

what runs into the ug triangle and supplies sensory to posterior scrotal and labia and motor supply to skeletal muscle

A

perineal n

90
Q

what nerve supplies sensory to penis and clitoris

A

dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

91
Q

levels of sympathetic innervation to ureter and bladder

92
Q

level of sympathetic innervation to gonads

93
Q

level of sympathetic innveration to epididymus, ductus and seminal vesicles

94
Q

level of sympathetic innervation to prostate

95
Q

level fo sympathetic innervation to uterus

96
Q

level of sympathetic innervation to the uterine tube

97
Q

android pelvis

A

heart shaped male

98
Q

anthropoid

A

rounded male

99
Q

gynecoid

A

heartshaped more narrow heart, female

100
Q

platypelloid

A

oval and wide, uncommon

101
Q

obstetric conjugate

A

top pubic symphysis to sacral promotory

102
Q

diagnonal conjugate

A

bottom of pubic symphyss to scaral promotory

103
Q

true obstetric conjugate

A

back of pubic symphysis to sacrap promotory

104
Q

interspinous distance

A

between the ischial spines

105
Q

uterine artery from internal iliac anastomoses with

A

ovarian artery

106
Q

iliolumbar/circumflex iliac from internal iliac anastomose with

A

lumbar arteries from aorta

107
Q

lateral sacral off the interna illiac anatomose with

A

median sacral off aorta

108
Q

middle rectal off internal illiac anastomose with

A

superior rectal from IMA

109
Q

inferior gluteal off internal illiac anastomoses with

A

profunda femoris (femoral)

110
Q

phimosis

A

condition where the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis and can interfere with urinary and reproductive function

111
Q

paraphimosis

A

constriction of the glands from a tight band of foreskin which can lead to ischemia

112
Q

what nerve is through the ischioanal fossa

A

inferior rectal nerve (causes incontinence)

113
Q

what nerves responsible for errection

A

parasympathetic s2-4 vascular smooth muscle and pudendal nerve S2-4 contraction of perienal muscles

114
Q

what nerves are responsible for emission

A

L1-L2 sympathetic contraction of smooth muscle in ductus deferans

115
Q

what nerves are responsible for ejaculation

A

L1-L2 sympathetic for closure of internal urethal sphincter, S2-s4 parasympathetic contraction of urethral smooth muscle and Pudendal S2-s4 for contraction of perineal muscles

116
Q

action of parasympathetics on detrusor

A

excite detrusor

117
Q

somatic S2-S4 action in micturition

A

voluntary relaxation of the urethral sphincter

118
Q

upper part of anal canal and rectum drains to

119
Q

lower poart of anal canal and rectum drains to

A

pararectal, sacral, internal iliac and superficial inquinal

120
Q

superior part of bladder drains to

A

external iliac lymph nodes

121
Q

inferior part of bladder drains to

A

internal iliac lymph nodes

122
Q

prostate drains to

A

internal illiac

123
Q

penis drains to

A

internal iliac

124
Q

tests drain to

A

lumbar lymph nodes

125
Q

perineal skin drains to

A

superficial inquinal

126
Q

distal corpus spongiosum/glans drains to

A

deep inquinal lymph nodes

127
Q

urterine tube and ovary drain to

128
Q

uterus fundus drains to

129
Q

cervix of uterus drains to

A

external and internal iliac, obturator and sacral

130
Q

round ligament drains to

A

superficial inquinal

131
Q

upper 2/3 of vagina drains to

A

internal and external iliac, sacral

132
Q

lower 1/3 of vagina drains to and vulva

A

superficial inquinal

133
Q

posterior scrotum receives cutenous innervation from

A

pudendal nerve (s2-s4)

134
Q

anterior scrotum receives cutaneous innervation from

A

illioinguinal nerve l1

Anatomy (22 decks)

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