Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards
1
Q
what type of joint is the lumbosacral jt
A
symphysis (secondary cartilagenous)
2
Q
the sacroilliac is what type of joint ?
A
compound joint (plane and syndesmosis
3
Q
pubic symphysis is what type of joint
A
secondary cartilagenous
4
Q
what two ligaments help the sacrom from tilting upward
A
sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligament
5
Q
what prevents the sacrum from sliding forward
A
articular prrocesses and the illiolumbar ligaments
6
Q
which sex has a wider sciatic notch
A
females
7
Q
which sex has a wider subpubic angle
A
females
8
Q
which sex has a longer pubis bone /
A
females
9
Q
other names for the pelvic diaphragm
A
urogenital diaphragm or deep perineal pouch
10
Q
what helps seperates the pelvic cavity from the perineum
A
pelvic diaphragm
11
Q
what three muscles make up the levator ani
A
pubococcygeus puborectalis and iliococcygeus
12
Q
what muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm
A
levator ani and coccygeus
13
Q
levator ani are innervated by
A
S4 (nerve to levator ani and inferior rectal n
14
Q
coccygeus are innervated by
A
S3-S4
15
Q
relaxation or contraction of the puborectalis allows you to defecate ?
A
relaxes
16
Q
what is the pubovesical ligament
A
pubis to bladder or prostate
17
Q
heart shaped pelvic inlet
A
males
18
Q
round shaped pelvic inlet
A
females
19
Q
innervation of the obturator internus
A
nerve to obturator internus L5-S1
20
Q
innervation of the piriformis
A
branches from L5, S1 and S2
21
Q
action of the obturator internus and piriformis
A
lateral rotation of the extended hip joint
22
Q
insertion of obturator internus and piriformis
A
medial side of greater trochanter
23
Q
List what passes below piriformis muscle
A
inflerior gluteal a,v,n internal pudendal vessels posterior femoral cutaneous nerve obturator internus quadratus femoris
24
Q
function of the coccyx
A
pulls coccyx forward after defecation
25
what is the innervation of the deep perineal pouch /?
perineal branches S2-S4
26
male ureter passes
under ductus deferans
27
female ureter passes
under uterine artery
28
blood supply to ureter
gonadal, renal, common and internal iliac, vsical and uterine
29
innervation of ureters
renal, aortic, superior and inferior hypogastric plexus (T10-L1)
30
lymphatic drainage of ureters
aortic nodes, common, internal and external iliac lymph nodes
31
What stabilizes the bladder ?
puboprostatic/pubovesical holds the neck
posteriorly hed by rectovesical ligaments
median umbilical ligmanet attaches bladder to the umbillicus
32
detrusor muscle is innervated by parasympathetics or sympathetics
parasympathetics
33
arterial supply to bladder
superior vesical, inferior vesical, vaginal
34
bladder drains to
external and internal iliac nodes
35
bulborethal glands secrete into
spongy/penile urethra
36
blood supply to male urethra
inferior vesical, middle rectal, internal pudendal arteries
37
what is the tissue that surrounds the uretrha
corpus spongiosum
38
inferolateral portion of the prostate is realted to
levator ani
39
prostatic capsule
dense covering surrounded by fibrous capsule around prostate that is continuous with puboprostatic ligaments (prostatic plexus lies between capsule and the sheath)
40
blood supply to the prostate
inferior vesical, internal pudendal, middle rectal arteries
41
innervation of prostate
pelvic splanchnic nerves and inferior hypogastric plexus
42
venous drainage of prostate
vesicular plexus communicates with internal vertebral plexus
43
what structure does the ductus deferans cross posterior to the bladder
ureter
44
blood supply to seminal vesicals
inferior vesical and middle rectal arteries
45
structures important in uterine support
levator ani
deep perineal pouch
pelvic organs (bladder)
uterine ligaments
46
transverse cervical ligament
cervix and lateral fornices of vagina to lateral pelvic wall
47
uterosacral ligaments
sides of cervix to middle sacrum
48
round ligament
uterus to labia majora
49
ovarian ligament
uterus to ovary
50
blood supply to the uterus
majority from uterine artery
51
fundus of uterus
drains to lumbar, external illiac
52
body of uterus
drains to external illiac
53
cervix of uterus
internal illiac and sacral lymph nodes
54
where uterine tubes join uterus what is lymphatic drainage
superficial inquinal lymph nodes (follows round ligament)
55
innervation of uterus
S2,3,4 sympathetics, lumbar splanchnics, intermesenteric, and hypogastric plexues
56
what are the four vaginal sphincters
pubovaginalis, external urethral sphincter, uretrhovaginal sphincter and bulbospongiosus
57
upper 2/3 of vagina drains
internal and external iliac
58
lower 1/3 of vagina drains
superficial inquinal
59
upper 2/3 of the vagina innervation
visceral innervation
60
lower 1/3 of the vagina innervation gets
somatic innervation
61
venous drainage of vagina
drains to internal iliac veins
62
blood supply to vagina is
uterine and vaginal arteries
63
blood supply to the ovaries
ovarian arteries
64
nerve to the ovaries
pelvic splanchnics
65
lymph drainage to ovaries
lumbar lymph nodes
66
labium majora drains to
superficial inquinal
67
rectum starts at what level
S2.S3
68
blood supply to rectum
superior, middle and inferior rectal
69
innervation of rectum
hind gut innervation
| sympathetic- lumbar splanchnics (superior hypogastric) and parasympathetics- pelvic splanchnics
70
contents of the superficial pouch
2 erectile bodies and 3 muscles
71
what are the 2 erretile bodies of the superfical pouch
corpus spongiousm and corpus cavernosum
72
what are the three muscles of the superficial pouch
bulbospongiosus
ischiocavernosus
superficial transverse perineal
73
what are the muscles of the deep pouch
```
deep transverse perineal
external urethral sphincter
urethrovaginal sphincter (F)
compressore urethrae (F)
```
74
colles fascia is continues with
scarpas fascia
75
attachments of colles fascia
fascia lata of thigh, pubic arch, posterior border of perineal membrane
76
dartos fascia is
superficial perineal fascia on the penis/scrotum
77
deep perineal fascia is continous with fascia of the
external oblique and external spermatic fascia
78
deep perineal fascia is called
bucks fascia
79
what forms the suspensory ligament of the penis and clitoris
bucks fascia
80
bulb of the penis is penetrated by
urethra
81
what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle
arises from ischial tuberosity and pubic ischial rami and functions to move flood from caudal to more rostral levels of the corpora cavernosus and compresses the deep dorsal vein of the penis
82
what is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle
empties urethra, compresses erectile tissue, compresses deep dorsal vein, contracts repeatedly during ejaculation
83
what is the blood supply to the vulva
internal pudendal and external pudendal
84
what is lymphatic drainage of the vulva
superficial inquinal lymph nodes
85
what arteries are associated with errection
deep arteries and branches of dorsal aorta
86
venous drainage of the penis/clitoris
superficial dorsal vein drains penis/clitoris into the superficial external pudendal external pudendal drains ant. labia majora and scrutom into femorall
87
impotence is caused by
traumatic injury to pudendal nerve or pelvis splanchnic nerves
88
what innervates the external anal sphincter, and sensory to skin of anal triangle
inferior rectal nerve
89
what runs into the ug triangle and supplies sensory to posterior scrotal and labia and motor supply to skeletal muscle
perineal n
90
what nerve supplies sensory to penis and clitoris
dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris
91
levels of sympathetic innervation to ureter and bladder
t10-l2
92
level of sympathetic innervation to gonads
T10-11
93
level of sympathetic innveration to epididymus, ductus and seminal vesicles
T11-T12
94
level of sympathetic innervation to prostate
T11-L1
95
level fo sympathetic innervation to uterus
T12-L1
96
level of sympathetic innervation to the uterine tube
T10-L1
97
android pelvis
heart shaped male
98
anthropoid
rounded male
99
gynecoid
heartshaped more narrow heart, female
100
platypelloid
oval and wide, uncommon
101
obstetric conjugate
top pubic symphysis to sacral promotory
102
diagnonal conjugate
bottom of pubic symphyss to scaral promotory
103
true obstetric conjugate
back of pubic symphysis to sacrap promotory
104
interspinous distance
between the ischial spines
105
uterine artery from internal iliac anastomoses with
ovarian artery
106
iliolumbar/circumflex iliac from internal iliac anastomose with
lumbar arteries from aorta
107
lateral sacral off the interna illiac anatomose with
median sacral off aorta
108
middle rectal off internal illiac anastomose with
superior rectal from IMA
109
inferior gluteal off internal illiac anastomoses with
profunda femoris (femoral)
110
phimosis
condition where the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis and can interfere with urinary and reproductive function
111
paraphimosis
constriction of the glands from a tight band of foreskin which can lead to ischemia
112
what nerve is through the ischioanal fossa
inferior rectal nerve (causes incontinence)
113
what nerves responsible for errection
parasympathetic s2-4 vascular smooth muscle and pudendal nerve S2-4 contraction of perienal muscles
114
what nerves are responsible for emission
L1-L2 sympathetic contraction of smooth muscle in ductus deferans
115
what nerves are responsible for ejaculation
L1-L2 sympathetic for closure of internal urethal sphincter, S2-s4 parasympathetic contraction of urethral smooth muscle and Pudendal S2-s4 for contraction of perineal muscles
116
action of parasympathetics on detrusor
excite detrusor
117
somatic S2-S4 action in micturition
voluntary relaxation of the urethral sphincter
118
upper part of anal canal and rectum drains to
IMN
119
lower poart of anal canal and rectum drains to
pararectal, sacral, internal iliac and superficial inquinal
120
superior part of bladder drains to
external iliac lymph nodes
121
inferior part of bladder drains to
internal iliac lymph nodes
122
prostate drains to
internal illiac
123
penis drains to
internal iliac
124
tests drain to
lumbar lymph nodes
125
perineal skin drains to
superficial inquinal
126
distal corpus spongiosum/glans drains to
deep inquinal lymph nodes
127
urterine tube and ovary drain to
lumbar
128
uterus fundus drains to
lumbar
129
cervix of uterus drains to
external and internal iliac, obturator and sacral
130
round ligament drains to
superficial inquinal
131
upper 2/3 of vagina drains to
internal and external iliac, sacral
132
lower 1/3 of vagina drains to and vulva
superficial inquinal
133
posterior scrotum receives cutenous innervation from
pudendal nerve (s2-s4)
134
anterior scrotum receives cutaneous innervation from
illioinguinal nerve l1
