Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of passages in the respiratory system?

A

Transport air to and from the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of air sacs in the respiratory system?

A

Exchange gas between atmosphere and body cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system?

A

Obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the nose made of?

A

Bone and cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a nostril (nare)?

A

An entrance for air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the nasal cavity?

A

The space posterior to the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the nasal septum do?

A

Divides the nasal cavity medially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the nasal chonchae?

A

A system of curled bones from the wall of the nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the nasal chonchae divide?

A

The nasal cavity into passageways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the nasal chonchae increase the surface area of?

A

The mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the mucous membrane?

A

Filter, warm, and moisten incoming air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are paranasal sinuses?

A

Airfilled spaces in the skull that open into the nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What organ of the respiratory system reduced the skull weight?

A

Paranasal sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses lined with?

A

A mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the pharynx also known as?

A

The throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the pharynx located and what does it house?

A

Posterior to the mouth and houses the tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the pharynx a passageway for?

A

Food and air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the nasopharynx located?

A

At the back of the nostrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is the Oropharynx located?

A

The middle section, back of the throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is the laryngopharynx located?

A

Above the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the larynx also known as?

A

The voice box

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the larynx connect?

A

The trachea and pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the larynx house?

A

Vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the larynx composed of?

A

Muscle and cartilage bound by elastic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the two largest cartilage areas in the larynx?

A

The thyroid cartilage and the cricoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the cricoid cartilage?

A

The lowest portion of the larynx, ring-shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How is the thyroid cartilage shaped?

A

It is shield like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the laryngeal prominence also called?

A

The Adam’s apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does the respiratory system include?

A

Passages and air sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are your vocal folds?

A

Ligaments of elastic fibers, one pair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What color do vocal folds appear as?

A

White because there are no blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is a pitch (tone) controlled by?

A

Contracting and relaxing laryngeal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is intensity (loudness)?

A

Force of air over vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the function of false vocal folds?

A

Help close glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Where are false vocal folds located?

A

Superior to vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Are false vocal folds involved in sound?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the glottis?

A

An opening between vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

When the glottis is closed what does it prevent?

A

Food from entering the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Where do muscles close the glottis at?

A

False vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

A flap like structure attached to the glottis that allows air to enter the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the trachea also known as?

A

The windpipe

43
Q

What is the trachea?

A

Flexible tube that is made of c shaped rings, Hyline cartilage, smooth muscle, and connective tissue

44
Q

Where is the trachea located?

A

In front of the esophagus

45
Q

What is the trachea lined with?

A

Mucous membranes and goblet cells that secrete mucus

46
Q

What is the function of the trachea?

A

Trap particles and move them away from lungs

47
Q

What are the lungs in closed by?

A

The diaphragm and thoracic cavity

48
Q

What are the lungs surrounded by?

A

A double layer of serous membrane

49
Q

What is the visceral pleura attached to?

A

The surface of the lung

50
Q

What is the parietal pleura attached to?

A

On the wall of the thoracic cavity

51
Q

What is the plural cavity?

A

A very small gap between the layers of the serous membrane on the lungs that are filled with serous fluid

52
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

53
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

54
Q

How many alveoli are in the lungs?

A

300 million

55
Q

What are alveoli?

A

Saclike structures made of simple squamous epithelium surrounded by a capillary network in the lungs

56
Q

What is the function of alveoli?

A

Gas exchange between lungs and blood

57
Q

What is coughing?

A

A long deep inhale followed by a strong exhale

58
Q

What does coughing do?

A

Clears foreign bodies from the larynx, pharynx, and epiglottis

59
Q

What is sneezing?

A

A spasmodic contraction of muscles or exhalation

60
Q

Why do we sneez?

A

Irritation of nasal mucosa

61
Q

What is hiccuping?

A

Hey spasmodic contraction of diaphragm followed by spasmodic closure of the larynx

62
Q

Why do we hiccup?

A

Irritation of sensory nerve endings of the G.I. tract

63
Q

What is crying?

A

Inhalation followed by a release in a short exhalations

64
Q

What vibrates when we cry?

A

Vocal cords?

65
Q

What is yawning?

A

A deep inhale, jaws wide open

66
Q

When we yawn what does it ventilate?

A

Alveoli

67
Q

What are the 6 non respiratory air movements?

A

Coughing, sneezing, hiccuping, crying, laughing, and yawning

68
Q

What are the two types of gas exchange?

A

External respiration and internal respiration

69
Q

What type of gas exchange does external respiration involve?

A

Blood and lungs

70
Q

What type of gas exchange does internal respiration involve?

A

Tissue/blood

71
Q

What is air?

A

A mixture of gases

72
Q

What does alveoli provide for gas exchange?

A

A large surface area

73
Q

What controls gas concentrations?

A

The rate and depth of breathing

74
Q

During external respiration where does oxygen diffuses from?

A

Alveoli into capillaries

75
Q

During external respiration where does carbon dioxide diffuses from?

A

Capillaries into alveoli

76
Q

What is internal respiration determined by?

A

Rate of metabolism of cells that consume in produce oxygen and carbon dioxide

77
Q

Where does oxygen diffuse from during internal respiration?

A

Capillaries into interstitial fluid to body cells

78
Q

Where does carbon dioxide diffuses from during internal respiration?

A

Cells into interstitial fluid to systemic capillaries

79
Q

What are the two ways oxygen is carried by blood?

A

They bind to hemoglobin or dissolved in blood plasma

80
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Insufficient oxygen delivery to body tissues

81
Q

How many milliliters of carbon dioxide do body cells produce each minute?

A

200 mL

82
Q

What percent of oxygen binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells?

A

98.5%

83
Q

What percent of oxygen is dissolved in blood plasma?

A

1.5%

84
Q

What are the three ways blood transports carbon dioxide?

A

Dissolved in plasma, chemically bonded to hemoglobin, as part of a bicarbonate ion in plasma

85
Q

What percent of carbon dioxide is dissolved in plasma?

A

1.7%

86
Q

What percent of carbon dioxide is chemically bonded to hemoglobin?

A

2.23%

87
Q

What percent of carbon dioxide is a part of a bicarbonate ion plasma?

A

3.7%

88
Q

What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A

An irreversible decrease in ability to force air out of lungs

89
Q

What diseases are included and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A

Emphysema and chronic bronchitis

90
Q

What are symptoms of COPD?

A

History of smoking, coughing, frequent pulmonary infections, respiratory failure, and dyspnea

91
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

Labored breathing that progressively gets worse

92
Q

What is hypoventilation?

A

Respiratory failure

93
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Permanent enlargement of alveoli and destruction of alveolar wall

94
Q

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

A

The lungs loose elasticity

95
Q

In emphysema, bronchioles _______ during inspiration and _______ during expiration.

A

Open, collapse

96
Q

During emphysema what structure traps large volumes of air in alveoli?

A

The bronchioles

97
Q

What COPD disease leads to a barrel chest?

A

Emphysema

98
Q

What is chronic bronchitis?

A

Inhaled irritants that lead to excessive mucus production

99
Q

In chronic bronchitis, what becomes inflamed?

A

Mucous membrane in lower respiratory passageways

100
Q

What is tuberculosis?

A

An Infectious bacterial disease spread by coughing and inhaling infected air

101
Q

How much of the worlds population is infected with tuberculosis?

A

1/3

102
Q

Why don’t most people develop active tuberculosis?

A

Immune responses

103
Q

What are the symptoms of tuberculosis?

A

Fever, night sweats, weight loss, racking cough, coughing up blood

104
Q

What is the treatment for tuberculosis?

A

12 months of antibiotics

Anatomy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions