Nervous System Flashcards
What 2 systems is the nervous system classified into?
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Why does the central nervous system consist of?
The brain and spinal cord
What are the functions of the central nervous system?
- Process sensory info
* Signals muscles to contract and glands to secrete
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
- cranial and spinal nerves
- ganglia
- enteric plexuses
- sense receptors
What is the function of the PNS?
Link nerve impulses to the CNS
What does the somatic nervous system do?
•conduct impulses from CNS to skeletal muscle
Is the somatic nervous system under voluntary or involuntary control?
Voluntary control
What does the autonomic NS do?
•motor neurons conduct impulses from CNS to cardiac and smooth muscles and glands
Is the autonomic system under voluntary or involuntary control?
Involuntary
What does the enteric NS do?
- causes contraction of smooth muscle in GI tract
* enables secretion of GI fluids and hormones
Is the enteric NS under voluntary or involuntary control?
Involuntary
What do neurons do and what do the contain?
- excitable (respond to stimuli)
- transmit electrical signals
- contain organelles
What is neuroglia and what do they do?
They’re small cells that surround neurons and they support neurons
What converts stimuli into action potentials?
Neurons
How fast do neurons travel?
.5-130 meters per second or 290 mph
How long are neurons?
1mm to 1m in length (longest are in our legs)
What does myelin do?
Insulates axon and speeds up conduction of impulses
What are axons covered with?
Myelin and Schwann cells
What are gaps between each Schwann Cells called?
Nodes of Ranvier
What are the three different classifications of neurons?
- Sensory Neurons(afferent)
- Motor Neurons (efferent)
- Interneurons
What are the functions of the nervous system?
Sensory
Integrative
Motor
What is the function of sensory neurons?
Transmit signals to CNS
What is the function of motor neurons?
Carry info from the CNS to effectors
What is the function of Interneurons?
To have contact with nearby neurons
Where are sensory neurons unipolar?
In the SNS and ANS
Where are sensory receptor bipolar?
In special sense neurons
What polar are motor neurons?
Multipolar
What polar are Interneurons?
Multipolar
What does the enteric NS cover and monitor changes in?
Gastrointestinal tract
What do sensory neurons do in the somatic and autonomic NS?
Transfer info to the CNS
