The Reproductive System Flashcards
Fallopian tube
It carries the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here
Ovary
Ovaries store and release eggs
The uterus
Where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment
Cervix
Leads from the vagina to the uterus
Vagina
Holds the male penis during sexual intercourse, forms the birth canal during childbirth
Gamete
Sex cell
Male gamete
Sperm
Female gamete
Egg/ovum
Ovulation
An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days
Fertile period
The days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant
Testes
Produces the sperm
Sperm duct
Brings the sperm from the testes to the penis
Glands and vesicles
Produces seminal fluid mixes with sperm to form semen
Penis
Enters the female and ejaculates semen
Puberty
Describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature (normally happens between the ages 10 to 15)
Puberty in males
Sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest, and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm
Puberty in females
When the sex hormones (oestrogen amd progesterone) are released the breasts develop, hips widen, and hair begins to grow on the body
Copulation
Is another name for sexual intercourse
Implantation
Occurs when the fertilised egg lodges itself on the lining of the uterus
Zygote
Egg and sperm fuse to form a single cell
Embryo
Division of the zygote occurs and it grows
Foetus
After 8 weeks its called a human
Pregnancy
The average time of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks
Amniotic fluid
Provides cushion for the embryo acts as protection this bursts during delivery of the baby “water breaking”
Umbilical cord
A tube that joins the embryo to the placenta
Placenta
It is rich in blood vessels it provides food and oxygen from the mother ,mothers blood pass into the baby’s blood, also such as carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s blood into the mothers, waste products from the baby pass to the mother from the umbilical cord
Birth
Begins when the uterus muscles start to contract, the bag of amniotic fluid bursts “waters bursting” and further contractions push the baby out usually head first. The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta comes out after
Labour
Muscles of the uterus contract
Family plan
To control the number of children you have, you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place
Natural methods of contraception
Aim to detect the day of ovulation takes place an avoid intercourse during the fertile period
Artificial methods of contraceptions
Prevent the sperm and egg meeting e.g condom which prevents sperm from entering the vagina e.g contraceptive pill which prevents ovulation
Abstain
It is important to realise no method is 100% reliable to abstain from sex is the only way to avoid pregnancy
Condom
Prevent pregnancy and spread of STD or STI
