Food Flashcards
Functions of food
Provide energy. Released in respiration
Food + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + Energy
Provides materials to grow and repair cells
Provides materials needed for metabolic reactions
E.g reactants + enzymes
6 main elements in food
(C) Carbon (H) Hydrogen (O) Oxygen (N) Nitrogen (S) Sulfur (P) Phosphorus
Other elements that make 1% of food
(Na) Sodium (Cl) Chlorine (K) Potassium (Mg) Magnesium (Ca) Calcium
Trace Elements
(Fe) Iron
(Zn) Zinc
(Cu) Copper
Biomolecule
Chemical compounds that are made inside living things and contain carbon
Organic compounds
Compounds containing carbon
4 Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Vitamins
Elements in carbohydrates
(C)Carbon
(H)Hydrogen
(O)Oxygen
Chemical formula for glucose
Cx(H2O)y
x=y
Elements in Lipids
(C) Carbon
(H) Hydrogen
(O) Oxygen
Elements in Protein
(C) Carbon
(H) Hydrogen
(O) Oxygen
(N) Nitrogen
Types of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
Contains 1 sugar unit
Sweet and water soluble
E.g Glucose and fructose
Disaccharide
Contain two sugar units
Sweet and water soluble
Sucrose (table sugar) = Glucose and fructose
Maltose
Polysaccharide
Multiple sugar units
Insoluble in water
E.g Glycogen, starch and Cellulose
Function of Glucose
Released during respiration
Produced in photosynthesis
Starch
stored in plants
Made from glucose
Easily digestible
Cellulose
Helps make plant wall
Chitin
Helps make exoskeleton for crabs
Makes cell wall for fungi
Function of carbohydrates
Provide energy which is released in respiration
Provides structure e.g cellulose and chitin
Provide fibre
Glycogen
Complex polysaccharide
Contains glucose chaining other molecules
Stored in muscles and liver
