Cell Diversity Flashcards
Organisation
Organelles, cells, tissue, organ, system, organisation
Tissue
A group of similar cells that are modified (or adapted) to carry out the same function
Types of tissue
Simple
Complex
Simple tissue
A type of tissue with only one cell type
Complex tissue
Tissue type with more than one cell type
Plant tissues
Dermal
Vascular
Ground
Meristematic
Dermal tissue
1 layer of one type of cell (simple)
Surrounds partsof the plants e.g leaves, roots, stems
Dermal tissue: Description
Epidermal cell - thick
Epidermis - water proof layer -> culture
Dermal tissue: Function
Protects plant
Vascular tissue
Transport material through plants
complex contains two cells: xylem
Phloem
Xylem: description
Hollow tubes openings - pits
Roots-> stems -> leaves
Xylem: function
Transport water provide structure
Phloem: Description
A series or tube like structures in leaves, stems and roots
Phloem: functions
Transport food from leaves to other parts of the plant
Animal tissue
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Connective tissue: Description
Cells spread out in a matrix made by connective cells
Connective tissue: function
Joins and supports other body structures
Nervous tissue: description
Made of nerve cells neurons
Nervous tissue: Function
Carry electrical impulses
Tissue culture
The growth of cells in or on a sterile nutrient medium outside an organsim
Micropropagation
The growth of large number of plants from cells of a parent plant
Rapidly produces new genetically identical plants
Benefits of micropropagation
Produce more plants in less time
Plants are genetically identical
Inexpensive to make a huge number of plants
Monoclonal antibodies
Combine with a specific, single type of antigen
May be used to attach to and show the presence of antigens on cancer cells
Growth of skin
Patients skin grown outside the body
New skin is grafted onto the wound
Organ
A number of tissues working together to carry out one function
E.g animal - brain
Plant - stem, roots, leaf
Organ system
A number of organs working together to carry out one or more functions
