The Nervous System (general)

Question 0

PNS

Answer 0

Peripheral nervous system consists of everything else

Question 1

CNS

Answer 1

Central nervous system consists of spine & brain

Question 2

Nervous system

Answer 2

Vast network of nerves in body

Question 3

Nerve

Answer 3

Bundle of many neurones

Question 4

Neurone

Answer 4

A cell specialised to generate and conduct electrical impulses from one part of the nervous system to another

Question 5

Axon

Answer 5

The extension of a neurone that transmits the signal

Question 6

Brain

Answer 6

Control centre of CNS

Question 7

Stimulus

Answer 7

A detectable change in the environment

Question 8

Receptor

Answer 8

A cell that senses a stimulus and starts transmission of the impulse

Question 9

Sense organ

Answer 9

A specialised organ with clusters if receptor cells

Question 10

Sense

Answer 10

A system or mechanism in the body that perceives a change

Question 11

Nerve impulse

Answer 11

Information in the form of an electrochemical signal that travels through a neurone

Question 12

Effector

Answer 12

Organ that brings about a response

Question 13

Spinal cord

Answer 13

A bundle of nerves enclosed in the spine; connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain

Question 14

Coordination

Answer 14

Stimulus - receptor - coordinator - effector - response

Question 15

Cell body

Answer 15

The part of a neurone which contains the nucleus

Question 16

Dendrites

Answer 16

Extensions which receive nerve impulses from other cells; the nerve impulses are then transmitted towards the cell body

Question 17

Axon

Answer 17

Carries nerve impulses to an effector organ (muscle or gland)

Question 18

Myelin sheath

Answer 18

Fatty sheath which insulates the axon (preventing short circuits of electrical impulses) and speeds up the conduction of nerve impulses

Question 19

Motor neurone

Answer 19

Transmits impulses from the CNS to the effectors (muscle or gland)

Question 20

Sensory neurone

Answer 20

Transmits impulses from receptors/sense organs to the CNS

Question 21

Relay neurone

Answer 21

Within the CNS, transmits impulses from neurone to neurone

Question 22

Synapses simplified

5

Answer 22

1-impulses arrive down axon of first neurone
2- neurotransmitter diffuses across synapse
3- neurotransmitter attaches to membrane of second neurone
4- impulse started in second neurone
5- neurotransmitter broken down by enzyme from second neurone