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Biology > The Menstrual Cycle/hormones > Flashcards

The Menstrual Cycle/hormones Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Hormones in Pituitary gland

A

ADH
FSH
LH

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1
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers that travel in the blood to activate target cells

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2
Q

ADH

A

Controls water content of blood

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3
Q

LH (luteinising hormone)

A

Stimulates ovulation

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4
Q

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

A

Stimulates egg development and oestrogen secretion

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5
Q

Hormones in the pancreas

A

Insulin

Glucagon

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6
Q

Insulin

A

Lowers blood glucose levels

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7
Q

Glucagon

A

raises blood glucose levels

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8
Q

Hormone in adrenal gland & function

A

Adrenaline

Prepares the body for physical activity

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9
Q

Hormones produced in ovaries

A

Oestrogen

Progesterone

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10
Q

2 functions of oestrogen

A
  • Female secondary sexual characteristics

- repair of endometrium

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11
Q

Progesterone

A

Growth of endometrium

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12
Q

Days 1-5

A
  • menstrual flow
  • bleeding
  • loss of uterus lining
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13
Q

Days 6-13

A
  • egg maturation

- repair of endometrium in preparation for fertilised egg

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14
Q

Day 14

A

Ovulation

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15
Q

Days 15-17

A
  • fertilisation possible

- growth of endometrium

16
Q

Days 18-28

A
  • if not fertilised egg dies

- endometrium starts to break down at end of cycle

17
Q

Negative feedback

A

When an event is counteracted by its own influence

18
Q

Oral contraception

A

Contains oestrogen and progesterone

19
Q

Implant

A
  • underneath skin
  • for up to 3 years
  • progesterone
20
Q

Pros and cons of implant contraception

A
21
Q

Patch contraception

A
  • on skin
  • every week for 3 weeks
  • oestrogen + progesterone
22
Q

Ovary

A

Release eggs once a month

23
Q

Fallopian tubes/oviducts

A

Eggs pass along these tubes and fertilisation occurs here

24
Q

Uterus

A

Where a foetus develops

25
Q

Vagina

A

Where sperm are received during intercourse and where babies pass through during birth

26
Q

Cervix

A

Entrance to the uterus

27
Q

Bladder

A

Where urine is stored

28
Q

Urethra

A

Urine passes down this tube

29
Q

What does FOLP stand for?

A

FSH-oestrogen-LH-progesterone

30
Q

Where are hormones produced?

A

Produced in glands & transported in the bloodstream to target cells

31
Q

Endocrine system

A

A system of glands that produce hormones

32
Q

Main similarities between nervous & endocrine systems

A

Both involve a message leading to a specific response and are often involuntary

33
Q

Endometrium

A

Uterus lining, thick tissue with lots of blood vessels, provides nutrients and oxygen for implanted embryo

34
Q

Ovulation is caused by

A

A peak of LH

35
Q

Why does oestrogen stop FSH being produced

A

So that only one egg matures in a cycle

36
Q

Why is important that progesterone is released during pregnancy

A

Maintain uterus lining
Stop menstruation
Avoid miscarriage

37
Q

Male combined reproductive & urinary passage

A

Urethra

Biology (31 decks)

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