Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Enzymes & Digestion > Flashcards

Enzymes & Digestion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Teeth function

A

Mechanical breakdown of food in mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Oesophagus function

A

Transport of food to stomach by peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ileum function

A

Final digestion + main absorption of nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anus function

A

Defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gall bladder function

A

Site of bike salt storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Stomach function

A

Storage and digestion of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tongue and salivary glands function

A

Mixes food with saliva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pancreas function

A

Secretes insulin, glucagon and digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Duodenum function

A

Further digestion & some absorption of nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Function of liver

A

Site of bile salt production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Colon function

A

Absorption of water, salts & vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Role of bile in digestion 2

A

Neutralises the pH of food that had exited stomach

Emulsified fat into small fat droplets and so helps lipase action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Proteins that catalyse (speed up) biochemical reactions

Biological catalysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What factors affect enzyme activity

A

Temperature
pH
Enzyme concentration
Substrate concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does amylase do in the mouth?

A

Breaks down starch into maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is amylase made

A

In the salivary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the pH of the stomach?

A

pH 2-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does pepsin do in the the stomach

A

Breaks down protein into peptides & amino acids

19
Q

Where is pepsin made?

A

In the stomach

20
Q

What enzymes are made in the pancreas?

A

Amylase
Trypsin
Lipase

21
Q

What happens to starch in the duodenum

A

It is broken down into maltose by amylase, which is then broken down into glucose by maltase

22
Q

What enzymes are made in the wall of the duodenum?

A

Maltase(carbohydrase) & peptidase(protease)

23
Q

What happens to protein in the duodenum

A

It is broken down into peptides by trypsin which are then broken down into amino acids by peptidase

24
Q

What happens to lipids in the duodenum

A

They are broken down into glycerol & fatty acids by lipase & bile

25
Q

Where is protease used in industry & what does it do

A

Baby food

Used to pre-digest food before baby eats it

26
Q

Where are lipase & protease used in industry & what do they do

A

In washing powder

Digestion of food -> removal of food stains

27
Q

Where is cellulase used in industry & what does it do

A

Fabric softener

Breaks down cellulose in fibres -> soften

28
Q

Where is lactase used in industry & what does it do

A

Lactose free milk

29
Q

Where is papain (protease) used in industry & what does it do

A

Tenderising meat

Breaks down tough meat fibres

30
Q

Where is invertase used in industry & what does it do

A

In chocolate

Converts disaccharide into monosaccharide

31
Q

Where is isomerase used in industry & what does it do

A

Sweetener

Converts glucose into different sugar

32
Q

Advantages of using enzymes in industry

A

Lowers activation energy needed -> don’t need such high temperatures/pressures
Can use them again

33
Q

Disadvantages of using enzymes in industry

A

If got temperature or pH wrong would denature enzyme

34
Q

Why is water important in the body 3

A
  • solvent
  • breaking up large molecules by hydrolysis
  • carrying substances around the body
35
Q

Why is fibre important in the body 2

A
  • bulk to give muscles of gut something to work on

- absorbs lots of water

36
Q

Digestive system function

A

Breaks down large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules that can be absorbed

37
Q

Role of vitamin a in the body

A

Makes chemicals in retina, protects surface of eye and connective tissue in

38
Q

Role of vitamin b in the body

A

Sticks together cells lining surfaces in the body eg mouth

39
Q

Role of vitamin d in the body

A

Helps bones absorb calcium and phosphorus

40
Q

Role of calcium in the body

A

Makes bones and teeth

41
Q

Role of iron in the body

A

Makes haemoglobin in red blood cells to carry oxygen

42
Q

Sources of vitamin a 3

A

Liver
Butter
Carrots

43
Q

What is the alimentary canal

A

A muscular tube that runs from your mouth to your anus

44
Q

Denatured

A

When the shape of the active site is permanently changed

Biology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions