The Nervous System

Question 1

Nervous system

Answer 1

Nervous system—communication network within the body

Question 2

Central nervous system (CNS

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord; coordinates activity of the body

Question 3

Peripheral nervous system (PNS

Answer 3

nerves connecting the CNS to the rest of the body and environment

Question 4

Somatic

Answer 4

The somatic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of the body movements via the use of skeletal muscles

Question 5

Autonomic

Answer 5

involuntary systems

Question 6

Parasympathetic

Answer 6

The parasympathetic nervous system is one of three divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

Sometimes called the rest and digest system, the parasympathetic system conserves energy as it slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 7

Sympathetic

Answer 7

The sympathetic nervous system directs the body’s rapid involuntary response to dangerous or stressful situations. A flash flood of hormones boosts the body’s alertness and heart rate, sending extra blood to the muscles

Question 8

Neuron

Answer 8

functional unit of the nervous system.

Question 9

Motor (efferent) neurons

Answer 9

transmit nerve impulses from CNS to muscles and organs

Question 10

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Answer 10

respond to stimuli; transmit nerve impulses from muscles and organs to CNS

Question 11

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 11

sense distortion in body tissues.

Question 12

Joint receptors

Answer 12

respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of joints

Question 13

Golgi tendon organs (GTO)

Answer 13

sense changes in muscular tension.

Question 14

Muscle spindles

Answer 14

sense changes in muscle length