Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > The nervous system > Flashcards

The nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the nervous system

A

Neurology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

-Nervous system is designed to transmit information via nerve impulses from one area of the body to another
-Organs include the brain, spinal cord, nerves and sense organs like the eyes and ears

A

Overview of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  1. Central nervous system: brain + spinal cord
  2. Peripheral nervous system: spinal nerves and cranial nerves
A

Nervous system divisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nerve cells
-Made up of the cell body, dendrites, and the axon

A

Neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neurons that carry impulses to the brain

A

Sensory / afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neurons that carry impulses from the brain

A

Motor / efferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Support cells in the nervous system

A

Glia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The external portion of the brain

A

Cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Divides the brain into two cerebral hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Grooves that separate the lobes of the brain

A

Sulci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Deep sulci

A

Fissures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ridges that lie along the brain

A

Gyri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cavities within the brain

A

Vantricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lobes of the brain
Emotions, planning, reasoning, problem solving

A

Frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lobes of the brain
Sensory information

A

Parietal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lobes of the brain
Sensory information, language, hearing, memory formation

A

Temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lobes of the brain
Vision, interpretation of vision

A

Occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the division of the brain?

A
  1. Brainstem
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Diencephalon
  4. Cerebrum
19
Q

Functions in cardiac output, respiration, and vasodilation / vasoconstriction

A

Brainstem (medulla)

20
Q

Divisions of the brainstem
Lowest part of the brainstem
-Functions in respiration cardiac function, vasodilation, and reflexes

A

Medulla oblongata

21
Q

Divisions of the brainstem
Between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata
-Functions in respiration

A

Pons

22
Q

Divisions of the brainstem
Central connection between the spinal cord and the brain, functions in motor movement and auditory / visual processing

A

Midbrain

23
Q

Functions in producing smooth and coordinated muscle movements, maintaining equilibrium, and sustaining posture
-Lies under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum at the back of the brain

A

Cerebellum

24
Q

Functions in coordinating the release of hormones from the endocrine system, relaying sensory and motor signals, and regulating the sleep / wake cycle
-In the central portion of the brain

A

Diencephalon

25
Q

Divisions of the diencephalon
-Below the thalamus
-Functions in controlling heartbeat, constriction / dilation of blood vessels, contractions of the stomach / intestines, and body temperature
-Neurons produce hormones that the posterior pituitary gland secretes

A

Hypothalamus

26
Q

Divisions of the diencephalon
-Above the hypothalamus (dumbbell shaped)
-Functions in relaying sensory information, associating sensations with emotions, regulating levels of consciousness, and motor reflex production

A

Thalamus

27
Q

Divisions of the diencephalon
-Posterior to the thalamus
-Functions in the output of melatonin

A

Pineal gland

28
Q

Functions in sensory perception, emotions, willed movements, consciousness, and memory
-Largest and most superior portion of the brain

A

Cerebrum

29
Q

Functions in carrying impulses to and from the brain
-Inside the spinal cavity
-Extends from the occipital bone to the bottom of the first lumbar vertebrae

A

Spinal cord

30
Q

The three layers of membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.
1. Tough outer layer
2. Middle layer
3. Innermost layer

A

Meninges
1. Dura mater
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Pia mater

31
Q

Cleat liquid that fills the subarachnoid spaces and ventricles in the brain and in the spinal cord
-Circulating fluid produces in the ventricles
-Function is to provide nutrients and prevent injury
-Filters waste products out of the brain so the nervous system can function properly
-Circulating throughout the brain, subarachnoid spaces, spinal cord, and ventricles

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

32
Q

12 paired nerves located on the back of the brain
-Generally function in taste, smell, hearing, feeling sensations, and making facial expressions
-Conduct impulses between the brain and the structures in the head, neck and torso

A

Cranial nerves

33
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Smelling

A

Olfactory

34
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Vision

A

Optic

35
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Eye movements

A

-Oculomotor
-Trochlear
-Abducens

36
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Sensations of the face, scalp, and teeth (chewing)

A

Trigeminal

37
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Taste, facial expressions

A

Facial

38
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Hearing, sense of balance

A

Vestibulocochlear

39
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Sensations of the throat, taste, swallowing movements, secretion of saliva

A

Glossopharyngeal

40
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Sensations of the throat / abdominal organs, voice production, slowing heartbeat, peristalsis

A

Vagus

41
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Shoulder movements, turning head

A

Accessory

42
Q

Specific cranial nerve
Tongue movements

A

Hypoglossal

43
Q

31 pairs of nerves that function in conducting impulses between the spinal cord and the parts of the body not supplied by the cranial nerves making sensations and movements possible
-No special names
-Attach to spinal cord

A

Spinal nerves

44
Q

How many nerves attach to each segment of the spine?

A

-8 attach to the cervical segment
-12 attach to the thoracic segment
-5 attach to the lumbar segment
-5 attach to the sacral segment
-1 attached to the coccygeal segment

Anatomy (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions