Bone terminology Flashcards
the 80 bones composing the skill, vertebrae. thorax. and hyoid bone; the central structure to which the appendicular skeleton is attached
Axial skeleton
the 126 bones that make up the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities
Appendicular skeleton
porous bone tissue on the inside of bones
- ____ is bone marrow which contains stem cells and produce blood cells
Cancellous (spongy) bone
the outer layer of the bone that is hard and dense
-contains osteocytes, or bone cells, in tiny spaces called lacunae
Compact bone
is flexible but firm connective tissue that helps to provide structure and support
Cartilage
support - provides body’s internal framework
protection - of inner tissue and organs
movements - muscles are anchored to bones
storage - blood, calcium
hematopoiesis - process of blood cell formation
Functions of bones
-Long bones
-short bones
-irregular bones
-sesamoid bones
-sutural bones
Types of bones
-ex. humerus
-ex. carpals
-ex. vertebrae
-ex. patella
-ex. cranial bones
the connection between two or more bones; a joint
Articulation
the connection between two bones; and articulation
Joint
relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation, such as between the cranial bones
Sutural
a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage.
Ex. pubic symphysis
Symphysis
a curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming part of an articulation
Condyle
protuberance on or above a condyle of a long bone (mountain)
Epicondyle
a prominence or projection (hill).
E. of a bone
Eminence
a hole in a bone
Foramen
a shallow depression
Fossa
a passage or opening though a bone
Meatus
an anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection, like a knob
Protuberance
the canal or passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes
Carotid canal
the lateral, outer opening of the ear or auditory canal
External auditory meatus
the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits
Mandibular fossa
the slightly movable junction of the anterior portion of the os coxae (hips)
Pubic symphysis
pertaining to the cheek bone
Zygomatic
ridges in the walls of the nasal cavity; responsible for humidifying air that comes into the body
Conchae
a temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant
Fontanel
any small bone.
Eg. the three bones of the middle ear
Ossicles
bony prominence on either side of the ankle
Malleolus
area where bone is close to the surface of the skin (superficial)
Prominence (bone prominence)
bone shaped like a sesame seed; a bone embedded in the tendon. The patella is the largest of these
Sesamoid bone
