The Lymphoid system Flashcards

1
Q

Where do T cells go to mature?

A

thymus

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2
Q

Where do B cells go to mature?

A

bone marrow

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3
Q

What are the primary lymphoid tissues?

A

bone marrow and thymus

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4
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid tissues?

A

lymph nodes; spleen; waldeyers ring; epithelio-lymphoid tissues

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5
Q

What are the functions of the lymphoid system?

A

filtration of circulatory fluids and location for cells of the immune system; return lymph to the circulation

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6
Q

Where do afferent channels to the lymph nodes drain

?

A

lymph through the capsule into the peripheral sinus

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7
Q

How do arteries and veins serving the lymph node enter and exit the node?

A

hilum

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8
Q

How is lymph filtered in the lymph nodes?

A

filtered thorugh the node parenchyma

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9
Q

What cell populations are found in lymph nodes?

A

B cells; T cells; macrophages; APCs; dendritic cells; endothelial cells

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10
Q

Where are plasma cells found in lymph nodes?

A

medulla

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11
Q

What part of the lymph node are B cells associated with?

A

follicles and germinal centres

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12
Q

Which cell type is CD20 a marker for?

A

B cell

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13
Q

Which cell type is CD3 a marker for?

A

T cell

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14
Q

What tends to stimulate a predominant B cell resposne in a lymph node?

A

auto-immune conditions; infection

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15
Q

What tends to stimulate a predominate phagocytic resposne?

A

tumours

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16
Q

What tends to cause a predominant T cell resposne in lymph nodes?

A

viral infections; drugs eg phenytoin

17
Q

What two veins form the portal vein?

A

splenic vein and SMV

18
Q

What makes up the parenchyma of the spleen?

A

red pulp and white pulp

19
Q

What is found in the red pulp?

A

sinusoids and cords

20
Q

What supports the sinusoids in the spleen?

A

hopps of reticulin

21
Q

What is found in the cords of the red pulp?

A

macrophages; fibroblasts; cells in transit

22
Q

What is the function of the spleen?

A

detect; retina and eliminate unwanted foreign or damaged material; facilitate immune responses to blood borne antigens

23
Q

What type of cell are found in the white pulp?

A

mainly T lymphocytes (CD4)

24
Q

What is the white pulp?

A

per-arteriolar lymphoid sheath

25
Q

What is the triad of hypersplenism?

A

splenomegaly; fall in one or more cellular components of blood; correction of cytopenias by splenectomy

26
Q

What are the causes of hyposplenism?

A

iatrogenic; coeliac disease; sickle cell; sarcoid

27
Q

What are the main features of hyposplenism the result of?

A

reduced red pulp function

28
Q

What may be seen on blood film with hyposplenism?

A

Howell-Jolly bodies