The Liver and Pancreas in digestion

Question 1

Give the two functions of the liver

Answer 1

Filters blood

Secreted glucose 

Question 2

What does the pancreas secrete

Answer 2

insulin and pancreas juices

Question 3

What is the liver

Answer 3

Largest gland

Divided into several lobes

Question 4

Give three functions of the liver

Answer 4

Removes toxins from the blood- help improve kidney function

Produce bile via gall bladder to emulsify fats

Regulates blood sugar- storing and releasing glucose

Question 5

What is the pancreas

Answer 5

Pale pink

Lobular gland

Lies in the U of the duodenum

Question 6

Gives three functions of the pancreas

Answer 6

Secretes pancreas juices containing digestive enzymes that pass into small intestine

Secretes insulin to control blood glucose levels

Produces bicarbonate which acts as a buffer to neutralise stomach acid in small intestine

Question 7

State two reasons why blood glucose needs to be regulated

Answer 7

Needed by cells for respiration

Need to be maintained at constant level

Too much can lead to death or coma

Question 8

How is blood glucose regulated

Answer 8

Regulates by pancreas in homeostatic process

Question 9

What is homeostatic

Answer 9

Maintenance of constant internal environment

Question 10

What does the pancreas do for regulating blood glucose

Answer 10

Detect levels then releases hormones to regulate blood glucose levels in blood

Question 11

Low blood sugar:
What is the role of insulin

Answer 11

Regulates bodies energy supply

Regulates glucose levels in blood

Stores glucose as glycogen

Question 12

Low blood sugar:
What cells in the pancreas release insulin

Answer 12

Beta cells

Question 13

Low blood sugar:
What is stored in the pancreas tissue cells

Answer 13

Glycogen
Nutrients
Water
Waste products

Question 14

Low blood sugar:
What does the pancreas do if the blood sugar is low

Answer 14

Decrease secretion of insulin

Increase secretion of glucagon

Question 15

High blood sugar:
What is the role of glucagon

Answer 15

Converts glycogen to glucose

Question 16

High blood sugar:
What cells in the pancreas release glucagon

Answer 16

Alpha cells

Question 17

High blood sugar:
What does the pancreas do if blood sugar is high

Answer 17

Secrete insulin

Decrease glucagon

Question 18

Hyperglycaemia:
Fill in the gaps

Pancreas detects ……. blood glucose levels

….. is secreted by beta cells
Glucagon secretion …….

……. travels via the blood to the target organ (liver and muscles)

Excessive glucose is converted to …… by the liver and stored in the muscles which is used to make energy

Answer 18

High

Insulin

Decreases

Insulin

Glycogen

Question 19

Hypoglycaemia:
Fill in the gaps

Pancreas detects …. blood glucose levels

………. is secreted by alpha cells

Insulin secretion ……

…… travels via the blood to the target organ (liver and muscles)

Glycogen is converted back into ……. by the liver and muscles- releases back into the blood

Answer 19

Low

Glucagon

Increases

Glucose

Glucagon