Gas Exchange And Blood Productions

Question 1

Where does gas exchange occurs

Answer 1

Alveoli in the lungs

Question 2

What are alveoli surrounded by

Answer 2

Capillaries which allow for gas exchange to occur

Question 3

What do blood vessels do

Answer 3

Transport oxygen

Question 4

What are alveoli’s

Answer 4

Thin cell walls

Larger surface area allows for more sufficient gaseous exchange

Oxygen diffuse easier and more can be moved

Question 5

What does gas move by

Answer 5

Diffusion

Question 6

Where does oxygen move from

Answer 6

From the air through the alveoli and into the blood

Question 7

Where does carbon dioxide move

Answer 7

From the blood into the air through the alveoli

Question 8

Where does haemoglobin move

Answer 8

Loads oxygen at lungs and unloads at respiratory tissues

Loads carbon dioxide at respiratory tissues and unloads at lungs

Question 9

What is haemoglobin

Answer 9

Red proteins

Transports oxygen all over the body and transports oxygen back

Gives blood it’s red colour

Carries carbon dioxide back to lungs so it can be excreted

Question 10

Where is haemoglobin found

Answer 10

Red blood cells

Question 11

How many oxygen molecules can it carry

Answer 11

Four

Question 12

What is the oxygenated form

Answer 12

Oxyhemoglobin

Question 13

What does haemoglobin look like

Answer 13

Bright red

Smooth

Disc shaped

Flexible

Question 14

What is myoglobin

Answer 14

Supply oxygen to muscle cells

Oxygen and ion binding proteins

Stores oxygen

Question 15

Where is myoglobin found

Answer 15

Striated muscles such as skeletal and cardiac

Question 16

How many oxygen molecules can it carry

Answer 16

One

Question 17

What is the oxygenated form of myoglobin

Answer 17

Oxymyoglobin

Question 18

What is foetal haemoglobin

Answer 18

Cannot use lungs

Relies on exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide from mothers blood

Carries more oxygen which makes it more efficient

Question 19

BOHR effect

Answer 19

Respiration rate increases meaning there is more carbon dioxide in blood

Carbon dioxide dissolves and form carbonic acid

Carbonic acid lowers the PH of the blood which triggers haemoglobin to release more oxygen

More oxygen released means muscles can work at the same rate during respiration

Question 20

EXAM QUESTION
What features of the alveoli improve the efficiency of gas exchange (2 marks)

Answer 20

Large surface area

Surrounded by capillaries

Question 21

EXAM QUESTION
What are the two main gases that are being exchanged between the lungs and circulatory system (2 marks)

Answer 21

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide