Reproductive systems in mammals Flashcards
What are the parts of both male and female mammalian reproductive tract
Ureters
Fallopian tubes
Testicles
Penis
Vagina
Urethra
Prostate glands
Uterus
Volva
Scrotum
What are the three functions of the male reproductive system
Produce sperm
Store sperm
Discharge sperm into female reproductive system to fertilise ova (eggs)
What is the structure and functions of the testes
Where sperm is produced
Made up of thousands of seminiferous tubules( small tubes)
What is the function of the epididymis
Where sperms mature and stored
What is the function of the vas deferens
Tubes that carry the sperm away from the testes
What is the function of the urethra
Tubes that carry sperm, urine and semen out of the body
What is the function and the structure of the penis
Located on the outside of the body
Semen and urine can pass through
Contains three columns of erectile tissue
What is the function of the prostate glands
Adds secretions (fructose and enzymes) to the sperm to form semen
What is the function of the bulbus glands
Erectile tissue that swells during copulation to lock the male to the female
What is the first column of erectile tissue in the penis
Corpus cavernosum- fills with blood
What is the second column of erectile tissue in the penis
Corpus spongiosum- prevents collapse of the urethra during erections. Protects urethra.
What is the third column of the erectile tissue in the penis
Areolar tissue- outside
What is the OS penis also known as
Bacculum
What is the function of the OS penis
Bone which aids in maintaining erection during copulation.
What do the arteries do in the penis
Brings blood in at high pressure
What is the function of the veins in the penis
Blood exits
What are the functions of the female reproductive systems
Produce eggs (ova)
Provides ideal environment for fertilisation
Protects foetus until birth
What is the functions of the ovaries
Where the ova and hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are produced
Hormones are used for fertilisation and the menstrual cycle
What is the function of the oviduct/ fallopian tubes
Where fertilisation happens
Fertilised eggs move through the oviduct to the uterus
Travels from ovaries
Eggs move once fertilised
What is the uterus
Fertilised eggs are implanted into the uterine lining so pregnancy can be established
Has uterine horns and a uterine body
What is the function of the cervix
Seals the uterus
Muscular
Protects reproductive system from infection
Attached to uterus lining
Some animals have more space in the uterus
What is the function of the vagina
Produces acidic mucus to kill bacteria and prevent infection
Contract and expands
Protects the reproductive system from substances entering in and harming as they have an acidic PH
What is the function of the vulva
External
some species, swells to indicate oestrus and receptivity to males
Males know and reproduce
Example- rams that are not fertile, put into stimulate the process, add rams that are fertile to the female sheep, speeds up process as they are already got fertilised eggs
What does the duplex (rabbit) have
Two uterine horns
Two cervices
One vagina
Missing uterine body
