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Anatomy Second Semester > The Larynx > Flashcards

The Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the larynx involved in

A

Voice production

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2
Q

What is the larynx composed of

A

Hyaline cartilage and small plane synovial joints

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3
Q

What are the cartilages of the larynx

A

Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate, cuniform and epiglottis

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4
Q

What is the epiglottis formed from

A

Elastic cartilage

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5
Q

What is the anterior connection of the epiglottis

A

Body of the thyroid bone

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6
Q

What is the posterior connections of the epiglottis

A

Thyroid cartilage

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7
Q

What does the epiglottis laterally connect to

A

The arytenoid cartilage via the aryepiglottic folds

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8
Q

What happens to the mucosal membrane covering

A

It is reflected onto the posterior surface of the tongue via the medial glossoepilglottis and lateral pharynoepiglottic folds

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9
Q

What are the ligaments involved in the larynx

A

The lateral and medial thyroid, medial cricothyroid and cricotracheal

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10
Q

What connects the arytenoid to the epiglottis

A

The quadrangular ligament

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11
Q

What does the free edge of the quadrangular ligament form

A

The vestibular ligament

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12
Q

What is the vestibular ligament

A

A false vocal fold

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13
Q

What are the cricoid, thyroid and arytenoid connected through

A

The cricothyroid membrane

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14
Q

What does the upper free border of the cricothyroid membrane form

A

The vocal ligament

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15
Q

What do the vocal folds do

A

Change the air flow through the larynx which allows for sound production

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16
Q

What allows for individual sounds/words to be produced

A

Movement of the lips, cheeks and tongue

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17
Q

What are the external muscles of the larynx

A

The infra and supra-hyoid muscles

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18
Q

What do the external muscles attach to

A

The hyoid bone or thyroid cartilage

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19
Q

Function of the external muscles of the larynx

A

Move the entire larynx and aid in swallowing

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20
Q

What muscles provide elevation of the larynx

A

Digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid and the longitudinal muscles

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21
Q

What provides depression of the larynx

A

Sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid and the elastci recoil of the trachea

22
Q

What forms the internal muscles

A

Muscles that pass between elements of the larynx and move the cartilages or vocal folds

23
Q

Attachment of the cricothyroid

A

Cricoid cartilage

24
Q

Insertion of cricothyroid

A

Lamina of the inferior corneu of the thyroid cartilage

25
Q

Function of cricothyroid

A

Tensing and elongating the vocal folds

26
Q

Innervation of cricothyroid

A

External laryngeal branch of the vagus

27
Q

Attachment of thyroarytenoid

A

Inner surface of the angle of the thyroid carilage

28
Q

Insertion of the thyroarytenoid

A

Anterolateral surface of the angle of the arytenoid cartilages

29
Q

What are the upper fibres of the thyroarytenoid known as

A

Vocalis

30
Q

Function of thyroarytenoid

A

Involved in pulling the arytenoid forwards towards the thyroid cartilage which shortens and relaxes the vocal ligament

31
Q

Innervation of the thyroarytenoid

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

32
Q

Attachment of posterior cricoarytenoid

A

Posterior lamina of the cricoid cartilage

33
Q

Insertion of posterior cricoarytenoid

A

Muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilage

34
Q

Function of posterior cricoarytenoid

A

Pull the muscular processes of the arytenoid backwards, rotating the vocal processes laterally which causes abduction of the vocal folds

35
Q

Innervatio of posterior criicoartyenoid

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerv

36
Q

Attachment of the lateral cricoarytenoid

A

Upper edge of the arch of the cricoid cartilage

37
Q

Insertion of the lateral cricoarytenoid

A

Muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilage

38
Q

Function of the lateral cricoarytenoid

A

Pulls the muscular processes forward, rotating the vocal processes medially which causes adduction of the vocal folds

39
Q

Innervation of the lateral cricoarytenoid

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

40
Q

Attachment of the oblique arytenoid

A

The muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilages

41
Q

Insertion of the oblique arytenoid

A

Apex of the opposite arytenoid cartilage

42
Q

What do some fibres of the oblique arytenoid form

A

Aryepiglottic muscles in the aryepiglottic fold

43
Q

What are the aryepiglottic muscles

A

Sphinctes

44
Q

Innervation of the oblique arytenoid

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

45
Q

Attachment of the transverse arytenoid

A

Posterior and medial surfaces of they arytenoid cartilage

46
Q

Insertion of the transverse arytenoid

A

Opposite arytenoid cartilages

47
Q

What does the transverse arytenoid close

A

The posterior part of the rima glottidis

48
Q

Innervation of the transverse arytenoid

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

49
Q

What nerve supply the larynx

A

Vagus

50
Q

What supplies the larynx with blood

A

The superior laryngeal, superior thyroid, inferior laryngeal and inferior thyroid

51
Q

What drains blood from the larynx

A

The superior laryngeal, superior thyroid, inferior thyroid and inferior thyroid veins

52
Q

What nodes drain lymph from the larynx

A

Superior deep cervical, inferior deep cervical, paratracheal and pre-tracheal nodes

Anatomy Second Semester (27 decks)

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