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Anatomy Second Semester > Parotid Gland And Temporal Region > Flashcards

Parotid Gland And Temporal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the parotid gland

A

A salivary gland with serous acini only

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2
Q

What covers the parotid

A

Connective tissue capsule and a dense fibrous capsule that extends as the stylomandibular ligament

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3
Q

Where are the ducts from the parotid gland

A

Just below the zygomatic arch

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4
Q

Where does the parotid gland pierce

A

The buccal fat pad and buccinator

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5
Q

Where does the parotid gland ducts enter the oral cavity

A

At the upper second molar

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6
Q

What are the main branches of the facial nerve

A

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical and posterior auricular

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7
Q

What vessels are found within the face

A

Superficial temporal vessels, auriculotemporal nerve, posterior auricular vein and artery, facial vein and artery, and the transverse facial artery

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8
Q

What are the four muscles of mastication

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial pytergoid and lateral pterygoid

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9
Q

What innervates the muscles of mastication

A

The mandibular division of the trigmeninal nerve

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10
Q

What are the movements of the mandible

A

Elevation, depression, protrusion, retrustion and lateral sliding

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11
Q

How does depression of the mandible occur

A

Through gravity or against force using the supra-hyoid muscles

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12
Q

What covers temporalis

A

A temporal fascia

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13
Q

Attachment of temporalis

A

Temporal fossa and fascia

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14
Q

Insertion of temporalis

A

Coronoid process and anterior body of the ramus of the mandible

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15
Q

Function of temporalis

A

Anterior and superior fibres - elevate the mandible

Posterior fibres - retract the mandible

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16
Q

Innervation of temporalis

A

Deep temporal nerves from the anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal

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17
Q

Attachment of masseter

A

Zygomatic arch

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18
Q

Insertion of masseter

A

Lateral aspect of the ramus of the mandible

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19
Q

Function of masseter

A

Elevates the mandible

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20
Q

Innervation of masseter

A

Masseteric nerve from the anterior division of the mandivular division of the trigeminal

21
Q

Attachment of the lateral pytergoid

A

Upper head - infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid
Lower head - lateral surface of the pyteroid plate

22
Q

Insertion of the lateral pytergoid

A

Neck of the mandible and articular discs

23
Q

Function of the lateral pytergoid

A

Pulling the neck forward with the articular disc and in lateral chewing along with the medial pytergoid

24
Q

Innervation of the lateral pytergoid

A

Nerve to lateral pytergoid (from anterior division of mandibular division of the trigmenial)

25
Q

Attachment of the medial pytergoid

A

Superficial head - tubercle of the maxilla

Deep head - medial surface of the lateral pytergoid plate

26
Q

Insertion of the medial pytergoid

A

Medial surface of the angle of the mandible

27
Q

Function of the medial pytergoid

A

Assists in elevation

28
Q

Innervation of the medial pytergoid

A

Nerve to medial pytergoid from the main trunk of the mandibular division of the trigeminal

29
Q

What does elevation of the mandible involve

A

The head of the mandible and discs moving backwards and the head rotates on the lower surface of the disc

TEMPORALIS, MASSETER AND MEDIAL PYTERGOID

30
Q

What is involved in depression of the mandible

A

The head of the mandible rotates on the under surface of the articular disc and the mandible is pulled forward

LATERAL PYTERGOID, DIGASTRIC, GENIOHYOID, MYLOHYOID AND GRAVITY

31
Q

What is involved in protrusion of the mandible

A

The articular disc and head of the mandible move forward

LATERAL PYTERGOID

32
Q

What is involved in retrusion

A

The articular disc and head of the mandible are pulled backwards into the mandibular fossa

POSTERIOR FIBRES OF TEMPORALIS

33
Q

What is lateral chewing

A

Combination of protrusion and retraction

PYTERGOIDS

34
Q

Where does the nerve to medial pytergoid pass through

A

The otic ganglion

35
Q

What does the nerve to medial pytergoid join with

A

Tensor veli palatine and tensor tympani

36
Q

What does the auriculotemporal nerve carry

A

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibres from the otic ganglion

37
Q

What joins the lingual nerve

A

Chorda tympani carrying parasympathetic fibres from the facial nerve to the submandibular and sublingual glands

38
Q

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid

A

The maxillary and superficial temporal

39
Q

What are the posterior branches of the external carotid

A

Occipital, posterior auricular and ascending pharyngeal

40
Q

What does the occipital supply

A

The back of the scalp

41
Q

What does the posterior auricular supply

A

The scalp

42
Q

What does the ascending pharyngeal give branches to

A

The pharnyx

43
Q

What are the anterior branches of the external carotid

A

Superior thyroid, lingual and facial

44
Q

What does the superior thyroid give branches to

A

SCM and the superior laryngeal artery

45
Q

What does the lingual artery supply

A

The oral cavity

46
Q

Where is the facial nerve found

A

Above the greater Cornu and passes deep to the posterior belly of digastric

47
Q

What are the branches of the facial artery

A

Superior and inferior labial, and angular arteries

48
Q

What does the superficial temporal supply

A

Skin over the frontal and temporal regions

49
Q

What does the maxillary artery supply

A

Muscles of mastication, tympanic membrane, upper and lower teeth, palate, nasal cavity, nasopharynx and the meninges

Anatomy Second Semester (27 decks)

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