Posterior Thigh And Popliteal Fossa Flashcards
What are the muscle of the posterior thigh
The hamstrings
What are the three hamstrings
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris
Characteristic of semimebmranosus
Has a membranous appearence and tendon at the proximal end
Characteristic of semitendinosus
Has a large tendon
Characteristic of biceps femoris
Has two heads
What joint(s) do the hamstrings cross
The knee and hip joints
Functions of the hamstrings
Extension of the hip and flexion of the knee
What is the common attachment point of the hamstrings
The ischial tuberosity
Insertion of semitendinosus
The medial surface of the superior tibia
Innervation of semimembranosus
Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Insertion of semimembranosus
The posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia
Innervation of semimembranosus
The tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
What hamstring is on the medial aspect of the thigh
Semimembranosus
Attachment of biceps femoris
Long head - ischial tuberosity
Short head - linea aspera and the lateral supracondylar line of the femur
Insertion of biceps femoris
The head of the fibula
Innervation of biceps femoris
Long head - tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
Short head - common peroneal division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)
What causes lateral rotation when the knee is flexed
Biceps femoris
What causes medial rotation when the knee is flexed
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis and sartorius
When are the hamstrings most active
Swinging the leg towards the heel strike
What type of contraction do the hamstrings undergo to slow the leg down
Eccentric contraction
What is the sciatic nerve composed of
Anterior rami of L4-S3
What does the sciatic nerve run deep to
The long head pf biceps femoris
What are the branches of the sciatic nerve
Tibial and common peroneal
Where does the split of the sciatic nerve normally occur
In the posterior compartment of the thigh
What is the roof of the popliteal fossa composed of
Depp fascia, subcutaneous fat and skin
What pierces the popliteal fossa
The sural nerve and the short saphenous vein
What is the sural nerve composed of
Fibres from the tibial and common peroneal nerves
What does the sural nerve supply
The skin on the leg and some of the foot
What is the superior boundary of the popliteal fossa
The diverging tendons of the hamstrings
What is the lateral boundary of the popliteal fossa
The biceps femoris
What is the medial boundary of the popliteal fossa
Semimembranosus and semitendinosus
What is the inferior boundary of the popliteal fossa
The medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius
What are the contents of the popliteal fossa
Popliteal artery, popliteal vein and the terminal branches of the sciatic nerve
Within the popliteal fossa what division of the sciatic nerve runs more medially
The tibial nerve
What is the floor of the popliteal fossa composed of
The popliteal surface of the femur, capsule of the knee joint and the popliteus muscle
What is the ligament involved in the popliteal fossa
Oblique popliteal
What is the oblique popliteal ligament an extension of
The semimebranous
Function of the oblique popliteal ligamnet
Reinforce the knee joint capsule
What vessels are found within the fossa
The middle genicular vessels
What do the middle genicular vessels supply
The cruciate ligaments
What is the popliteal artery a continuation of
The femoral artery
Where does the popliteal artery run from/to
The adductor hiatus to the inferior border of popliteus
What branches does the popliteal artery give
5 genicular banches
What are the terminal branches of the popliteal artery
Anterior tibial and posterior tibial artery
What are the 5 genicular arteries
Medial superior, lateral superior, middle, lateral inferior and medial inferior genicular arteries
