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anatomy second semester > Posterior Thigh And Popliteal Fossa > Flashcards

Posterior Thigh And Popliteal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscle of the posterior thigh

A

The hamstrings

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2
Q

What are the three hamstrings

A

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris

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3
Q

Characteristic of semimebmranosus

A

Has a membranous appearence and tendon at the proximal end

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4
Q

Characteristic of semitendinosus

A

Has a large tendon

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5
Q

Characteristic of biceps femoris

A

Has two heads

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6
Q

What joint(s) do the hamstrings cross

A

The knee and hip joints

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7
Q

Functions of the hamstrings

A

Extension of the hip and flexion of the knee

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8
Q

What is the common attachment point of the hamstrings

A

The ischial tuberosity

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9
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus

A

The medial surface of the superior tibia

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10
Q

Innervation of semimembranosus

A

Tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

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11
Q

Insertion of semimembranosus

A

The posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia

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12
Q

Innervation of semimembranosus

A

The tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

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13
Q

What hamstring is on the medial aspect of the thigh

A

Semimembranosus

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14
Q

Attachment of biceps femoris

A

Long head - ischial tuberosity

Short head - linea aspera and the lateral supracondylar line of the femur

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15
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris

A

The head of the fibula

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16
Q

Innervation of biceps femoris

A

Long head - tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

Short head - common peroneal division of the sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

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17
Q

What causes lateral rotation when the knee is flexed

A

Biceps femoris

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18
Q

What causes medial rotation when the knee is flexed

A

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis and sartorius

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19
Q

When are the hamstrings most active

A

Swinging the leg towards the heel strike

20
Q

What type of contraction do the hamstrings undergo to slow the leg down

A

Eccentric contraction

21
Q

What is the sciatic nerve composed of

A

Anterior rami of L4-S3

22
Q

What does the sciatic nerve run deep to

A

The long head pf biceps femoris

23
Q

What are the branches of the sciatic nerve

A

Tibial and common peroneal

24
Q

Where does the split of the sciatic nerve normally occur

A

In the posterior compartment of the thigh

25
Q

What is the roof of the popliteal fossa composed of

A

Depp fascia, subcutaneous fat and skin

26
Q

What pierces the popliteal fossa

A

The sural nerve and the short saphenous vein

27
Q

What is the sural nerve composed of

A

Fibres from the tibial and common peroneal nerves

28
Q

What does the sural nerve supply

A

The skin on the leg and some of the foot

29
Q

What is the superior boundary of the popliteal fossa

A

The diverging tendons of the hamstrings

30
Q

What is the lateral boundary of the popliteal fossa

A

The biceps femoris

31
Q

What is the medial boundary of the popliteal fossa

A

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

32
Q

What is the inferior boundary of the popliteal fossa

A

The medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

33
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal artery, popliteal vein and the terminal branches of the sciatic nerve

34
Q

Within the popliteal fossa what division of the sciatic nerve runs more medially

A

The tibial nerve

35
Q

What is the floor of the popliteal fossa composed of

A

The popliteal surface of the femur, capsule of the knee joint and the popliteus muscle

36
Q

What is the ligament involved in the popliteal fossa

A

Oblique popliteal

37
Q

What is the oblique popliteal ligament an extension of

A

The semimebranous

38
Q

Function of the oblique popliteal ligamnet

A

Reinforce the knee joint capsule

39
Q

What vessels are found within the fossa

A

The middle genicular vessels

40
Q

What do the middle genicular vessels supply

A

The cruciate ligaments

41
Q

What is the popliteal artery a continuation of

A

The femoral artery

42
Q

Where does the popliteal artery run from/to

A

The adductor hiatus to the inferior border of popliteus

43
Q

What branches does the popliteal artery give

A

5 genicular banches

44
Q

What are the terminal branches of the popliteal artery

A

Anterior tibial and posterior tibial artery

45
Q

What are the 5 genicular arteries

A

Medial superior, lateral superior, middle, lateral inferior and medial inferior genicular arteries

anatomy second semester (27 decks)

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