Posterior Leg And Ankle Joint Flashcards
How many muscles are within the posterior compartment of the leg
3 superficial and 4 deep
What is the common insertion of all the superior muscles
The posterior surface of calcaneus via tendocalcaneus
Where do the tendons of the deep muscles pass
Behind the medial malleolus to the plantar surface of the foot
EXCEPT POPLITEUS
Attachment of gastrocnemius
Medial head - popliteal surface of the femur superior to the medial condyle
Lateral head - The lateral aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur
Innervation of gastrcnemius
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Function of gastrcnemius
Plantarflexion of the ankle joint
Attachment of soleus
The soleal line of the tibia, upper 1/3rd of the posterior fibula and the tendinous arch between the bony attachments
Innervation of soleus
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Function of soleus
Plantarflexes the ankle
Attachment of popliteus
Lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus
Insertion of popliteus
The popliteal area of the tibia
Innervation of popliteus
Tibial nerve (L4-S1)
Function of popliteus
Unlocking the knee joint by laterally rotating the femur on a fixed tibia
What are the superficial muscles
Gastronemius, soleus and plantaris
What are the deep muscles
Popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus and tibialis posterior
Attachment of flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibia
Insertion of flexor digitorum longus
Base of the distal phalanx of digits 2-4
Innervation of flexor digitorum longus
Tibial nerve (L5-S2)
Function of flexor digitorum longus
Flexes digits 2-4 and weakly plantarflexes the ankle
Attachment of tibialis posterior
Posterior surface of the tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion of tibialis posterior
Tuberosity of navicular, cuniforms, cuboid, sustentaculum tali of calcaneus and the base of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals
Innervation of tibialis posterior
Tibial nerve (L4, L5)
Function of tibialis posterior
Plantarflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
Path of the tibials posterior tendon
Passes deep to flexor digitorum longus and runs in the groove posterior to the medial maleolus
Medial to lateral arrangement of tendons at the ankle joint
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
TOM, DICK AND HARRY
What is found between the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus tendons
Posterior tibial vessels and tibial nerve
What does the posterior tibial artery terminate as
The medial and lateral plantar arteries
What is the inferior tibiofibular joint
A syndemosis
What is the interosseous tibiofibular ligament continuous with
The interosseous membrane
What ligaments are involved in the inferior tibiofibular joint
Anterior and posterior ligaments
What does the movement of the inferior tibofibular joint accommodate for
The wedging of the trochlea of the talus during dorsiflexion
What is involved in the ankle joint
The malleolar mortise and the trochlea of the talus
What is the malleolar mortise
The distal ends of the tibia and fibula
What does the ankle joint allow for
20-30 dorsiflexion
30-50 plantarflexion
Where does the capsule of the ankle joint join
The articular margins and anterior extends onto the neck of the talus
What supports the joint laterally and medially
Strong collateral ligaments
How many collateral ligaments are there
3
What are the collateral ligaments
Anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments
What does the anterior talofibular ligament attach to
The neck of the talus
Where does the posterior talofibular attach to
The lateral surface of the calcaneus
Where does the calcaneofibular ligament attach to
The lateral surface of the calcaneus
What are the medial collateral ligaments called
The deltoid ligaments
Where does the deltoid ligament fan out from
The medial malleolus
What are the 4 parts of the deltoid ligament
Anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal and posterior tibiotalar
