Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards
what are the three compartments of the thigh
anterior, medial and lateral
what are the muscles in the anterior compartment involved in
hip flexion and knee extension
what are the muscles of the medial compartment involved in
adduction of the hip
what are the muscles of the posterior compartment involved in
extension of the hip and flexion of the knee
where do most of the muscles of the medial and anterior compartment attach to
the femur
what is the small indentation on the head of the femur
the fovea
what is the fovea
a site of small ligament attachment
what is on the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur
the linea aspera
what is at the proximal end of the femur
the pectineal line
what does the linea aspera split into
the supracondylar lines
what are the two groups of muscles in the anterior compartment
hip flexors and knee extensors
what are the hip flexors
iliacus, psoas major, pectneus and sartorius
what are the knee extensors
quadratus femoris
what makes up quadratus femoris
rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus laterus and vastus intermedius
where does iliacus attach to/insert
attaches - iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacroiliac ligament
inserts - psoas tendon and lesser trochanter of the femur
innervation of iliacus
femoral nerve (l2,L3)
function of iliacus
hip flexion
where does psoas major attach to/insert
attach -vertebral bodies of T12-L5, IV discs and lumbar transverse proceses
inserts - lesser trochanter of the femur
innervation of psoas major
anterior rami of L1-L3
function of psoas major
hip flexion
where does pectineus attach to /insert
attach - superior rami of the pubis
inserts - pectineal line of the femur
what muscle has aspects in the medial and anterior compartment
pectineus
innervation of pectineus
femoral nerve (L2,L3) and sometime branches of the obturator nerve
function of pectineus
adduction and hip flexion
where does sartorius attach to/insert
attach - anterior superior iliac spine
inserts - superior part of the medial surface of the tibia
innervation of sartorius
femoral nerve (L2,L3)
function of sartorius
flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of the hip and flexion of the knee
does sartorius pass anteriorly or posteriorly to the knee joint
posteriorly
where does rectus femoris attach
anterior inferior iliac spine and the ilium above the acetabulum
where does vastus lateralis attach
greater trochanter and the lateral linea aspera
where does vastus intermedius attach
the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
where does vastus medius attach
intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera
where doe the quadracep muscles insert
the quadriceps tendon and the tibial tuberosity vis the patellar ligament
what is the function of the quadriceps muscles
extension of the knee
what can rectus femoris do
flex the hip
innervation of the quadratus femoris muscles
femoral nerve (L2-L4)
what are the muscles of the medial compartment
gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and obturator externus
what is the odd muscle in the medial compartment and why
obturator externus as it doesnt adduct the hip
where does gracilis attach/insert
attach - the body and inferior ramus of the pubis
inserts - superior medial surface of the tibia
innervation of gracilis
obturator nerve (L2,L3)
function of gracilis
adduction of the hip and flexion of the knee
where does adductor longus attach/insert
attach - body of the pubis
insert - middle 1/3rd of the linea aspera
innervation of adductor longus
obturator nerve (L2-L4)
function of adductor longus
adduction of the thigh
where does adductor brevis attach/insert
attach - body and inferior ramus of the pubis
insert - pectineal line and proximal linea aspera
innervation of adductor brevis
obturator nerve (L2-L4)
function of adductor brevis
adduction of the thigh and may assist flexion
where does adductor magnus attach/insert
attach - ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity
insert - linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle
any muscle that attaches to the ischial tuberosity is known as
a hamstring
which muscle of the medial compartment has a hamstring component
adductor mangus
innervation of adductor magnus
main body - obturator nerve (L2-L4)
hamstring portion - tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L4)
function of adductor mangus
adduction of the thigh and hamstring portion is involved in extension of the thigh
where does obturator externus attach/insert
attach - margins of the obturator foramen and obturator membrane
inserts - trochanteric fossa
innervation of obturator externus
obturator nerve (L3,L4)
where does the adductor canal run from/to
The apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus
what does the adductor canal lie under
distal half of sartorius
what are the boundaries of the adductor canal made from
sartorius, vastus medialis and adductor longus
what is found within the adductor canal
femoral vessels
what does the great saphenous nerve pass between and why
sartorius and gracilis to supply the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg and foot
what do the muscular branches of the femoral nerve supply
anterior thigh
what do the articular branches of the femoral nerve supply
the hip and knee
what do the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve supply
anteromedial thigh
what is the saphenous nerve
cutaneous branch that supplies the anteromedial knee, leg and foot
what is the obturator nerve composed of
anterior divisions from L2-L4
what nerve has anterior and posterior branches
obturator nerve
what do the muscular branches of the obturator nerve supply
medial thigh
what do the anterior branches of the obturator nerve supply
cutaneous innervation to the middle part of the medial thigh
what muscles does the obturator nerve supply
anterior branch - adductor brevis, adductor longus and gracilis
posterior branch - obturator externus and adductor magnus
what provides arterial supply to the anterior and medial thigh
femoral and obturator arteries
what is the profunda femoris
a branch of the femoral artery that has 3/4 perforating branches
what artery gives off medial and lateral circumflex branmches
profunda femoris
where does the femoral artery come from
external iliac artery
where does the obturator artery come from
the internal iliac
what branches does the obturator artery have
anterior and posterior
what does the anterior branch of the obturator artery supply
muscles of the medial compartment
what does the posterior branch of the obturator muscle supply
muscle attached to the ischial tuberosity
what arterial structure is on the posterior surface of the femur
cruciate anastomosis
what contributes to the cruciate anastomosis
inferior gluteal, medial circumflex femoral, lateral circumflex femoral and 1st perforating branch arteries
