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Anatomy Second Semester > Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three compartments of the thigh

A

anterior, medial and lateral

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2
Q

what are the muscles in the anterior compartment involved in

A

hip flexion and knee extension

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3
Q

what are the muscles of the medial compartment involved in

A

adduction of the hip

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4
Q

what are the muscles of the posterior compartment involved in

A

extension of the hip and flexion of the knee

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5
Q

where do most of the muscles of the medial and anterior compartment attach to

A

the femur

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6
Q

what is the small indentation on the head of the femur

A

the fovea

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7
Q

what is the fovea

A

a site of small ligament attachment

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8
Q

what is on the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur

A

the linea aspera

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9
Q

what is at the proximal end of the femur

A

the pectineal line

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10
Q

what does the linea aspera split into

A

the supracondylar lines

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11
Q

what are the two groups of muscles in the anterior compartment

A

hip flexors and knee extensors

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12
Q

what are the hip flexors

A

iliacus, psoas major, pectneus and sartorius

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13
Q

what are the knee extensors

A

quadratus femoris

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14
Q

what makes up quadratus femoris

A

rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus laterus and vastus intermedius

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15
Q

where does iliacus attach to/insert

A

attaches - iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacroiliac ligament
inserts - psoas tendon and lesser trochanter of the femur

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16
Q

innervation of iliacus

A

femoral nerve (l2,L3)

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17
Q

function of iliacus

A

hip flexion

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18
Q

where does psoas major attach to/insert

A

attach -vertebral bodies of T12-L5, IV discs and lumbar transverse proceses
inserts - lesser trochanter of the femur

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19
Q

innervation of psoas major

A

anterior rami of L1-L3

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20
Q

function of psoas major

A

hip flexion

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21
Q

where does pectineus attach to /insert

A

attach - superior rami of the pubis

inserts - pectineal line of the femur

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22
Q

what muscle has aspects in the medial and anterior compartment

A

pectineus

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23
Q

innervation of pectineus

A

femoral nerve (L2,L3) and sometime branches of the obturator nerve

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24
Q

function of pectineus

A

adduction and hip flexion

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25
Q

where does sartorius attach to/insert

A

attach - anterior superior iliac spine

inserts - superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

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26
Q

innervation of sartorius

A

femoral nerve (L2,L3)

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27
Q

function of sartorius

A

flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of the hip and flexion of the knee

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28
Q

does sartorius pass anteriorly or posteriorly to the knee joint

A

posteriorly

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29
Q

where does rectus femoris attach

A

anterior inferior iliac spine and the ilium above the acetabulum

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30
Q

where does vastus lateralis attach

A

greater trochanter and the lateral linea aspera

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31
Q

where does vastus intermedius attach

A

the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

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32
Q

where does vastus medius attach

A

intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera

33
Q

where doe the quadracep muscles insert

A

the quadriceps tendon and the tibial tuberosity vis the patellar ligament

34
Q

what is the function of the quadriceps muscles

A

extension of the knee

35
Q

what can rectus femoris do

A

flex the hip

36
Q

innervation of the quadratus femoris muscles

A

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

37
Q

what are the muscles of the medial compartment

A

gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and obturator externus

38
Q

what is the odd muscle in the medial compartment and why

A

obturator externus as it doesnt adduct the hip

39
Q

where does gracilis attach/insert

A

attach - the body and inferior ramus of the pubis

inserts - superior medial surface of the tibia

40
Q

innervation of gracilis

A

obturator nerve (L2,L3)

41
Q

function of gracilis

A

adduction of the hip and flexion of the knee

42
Q

where does adductor longus attach/insert

A

attach - body of the pubis

insert - middle 1/3rd of the linea aspera

43
Q

innervation of adductor longus

A

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

44
Q

function of adductor longus

A

adduction of the thigh

45
Q

where does adductor brevis attach/insert

A

attach - body and inferior ramus of the pubis

insert - pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

46
Q

innervation of adductor brevis

A

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

47
Q

function of adductor brevis

A

adduction of the thigh and may assist flexion

48
Q

where does adductor magnus attach/insert

A

attach - ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

insert - linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle

49
Q

any muscle that attaches to the ischial tuberosity is known as

A

a hamstring

50
Q

which muscle of the medial compartment has a hamstring component

A

adductor mangus

51
Q

innervation of adductor magnus

A

main body - obturator nerve (L2-L4)

hamstring portion - tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L4)

52
Q

function of adductor mangus

A

adduction of the thigh and hamstring portion is involved in extension of the thigh

53
Q

where does obturator externus attach/insert

A

attach - margins of the obturator foramen and obturator membrane
inserts - trochanteric fossa

54
Q

innervation of obturator externus

A

obturator nerve (L3,L4)

55
Q

where does the adductor canal run from/to

A

The apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus

56
Q

what does the adductor canal lie under

A

distal half of sartorius

57
Q

what are the boundaries of the adductor canal made from

A

sartorius, vastus medialis and adductor longus

58
Q

what is found within the adductor canal

A

femoral vessels

59
Q

what does the great saphenous nerve pass between and why

A

sartorius and gracilis to supply the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg and foot

60
Q

what do the muscular branches of the femoral nerve supply

A

anterior thigh

61
Q

what do the articular branches of the femoral nerve supply

A

the hip and knee

62
Q

what do the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve supply

A

anteromedial thigh

63
Q

what is the saphenous nerve

A

cutaneous branch that supplies the anteromedial knee, leg and foot

64
Q

what is the obturator nerve composed of

A

anterior divisions from L2-L4

65
Q

what nerve has anterior and posterior branches

A

obturator nerve

66
Q

what do the muscular branches of the obturator nerve supply

A

medial thigh

67
Q

what do the anterior branches of the obturator nerve supply

A

cutaneous innervation to the middle part of the medial thigh

68
Q

what muscles does the obturator nerve supply

A

anterior branch - adductor brevis, adductor longus and gracilis
posterior branch - obturator externus and adductor magnus

69
Q

what provides arterial supply to the anterior and medial thigh

A

femoral and obturator arteries

70
Q

what is the profunda femoris

A

a branch of the femoral artery that has 3/4 perforating branches

71
Q

what artery gives off medial and lateral circumflex branmches

A

profunda femoris

72
Q

where does the femoral artery come from

A

external iliac artery

73
Q

where does the obturator artery come from

A

the internal iliac

74
Q

what branches does the obturator artery have

A

anterior and posterior

75
Q

what does the anterior branch of the obturator artery supply

A

muscles of the medial compartment

76
Q

what does the posterior branch of the obturator muscle supply

A

muscle attached to the ischial tuberosity

77
Q

what arterial structure is on the posterior surface of the femur

A

cruciate anastomosis

78
Q

what contributes to the cruciate anastomosis

A

inferior gluteal, medial circumflex femoral, lateral circumflex femoral and 1st perforating branch arteries

Anatomy Second Semester (27 decks)

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