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Anatomy Second Semester > Knee Joint > Flashcards

Knee Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What are the tendons around the knee joint

A

The quadriceps tendon, patellar tendon and the tendon of biceps femoris

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2
Q

What are the muscles related to the knee joint

A

Sartorius, semimembranosus, semitendinosus and gracilis

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3
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint

A

A modified hinge joint

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4
Q

What are the articulations of the knee joint

A

Femoropatellar articulation and two femorotibial articulation

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5
Q

What bone does not articulate at the knee joint

A

Fibula

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6
Q

What are the bones involved in the knee joint

A

The femur, tibia and patella

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7
Q

What are the articular surfaces involved in the knee joint

A

The patellar surface, medial condyle, intercondylar fossa/notch, lateral condyle, intercondylar eminence, apex of the patella and the lateral and medial facets of the patella

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8
Q

What does the capsule of the knee joint fuse with anteriorly

A

The quadriceps tendon, patella and ligamentum patellae

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9
Q

What does the knee capsule enclose posteriorly

A

The intercondylar fossa of the femur

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10
Q

What does the synovial membrane attach to

A

The alar folds and infrapatellar synovial fold

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11
Q

What do the medial and lateral alar folds cover

A

The inner surface of the fats pads, on either side of the patellar ligament

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12
Q

What are the bursae around the knee joint

A

Suprapatellar, subcutaneous patellar, subcutaneous infrapatellar, deep infrapatellar, gastrocnemius, semimembranosus, anserine and popliteus

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13
Q

Which bursae are in communication with the synovial cavity of the knee joint

A

Suprapatellar, gastrocnemius, semimebranosus and popliteus

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14
Q

What are the extracapsular ligaments

A

The oblique popliteal, arcuate popliteal, and medial and lateral collateral

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15
Q

What are the intracapsular ligaments

A

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

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16
Q

What is the arcuate popliteal ligament

A

A thickening of the capsule over popliteus

17
Q

Function of the arcuate popliteal

A

Strengthens the posterolateral joint capsule

18
Q

What is the medial collateral ligamnet

A

A strong, flat thickening of the capsule

19
Q

Where does the medial collateral run from/to

A

The medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle and superior medial surface of the tibia

20
Q

Where do the deep fibres of the medial collateral attach to

A

The middle meniscus

21
Q

Characteristic of the lateral collateral ligament

A

Strong and cord-like

22
Q

Where does the lateral collateral run from/to

A

The lateral epicondyle of the femur to the lateral head of the fibula

23
Q

What is the function of the cruciate ligaments

A

To maintain contact between the femoral and tibial articular surfaces

24
Q

What does the posterior cruciate prevent

A

The femur from sliding anteriorly on the tibia, particularly during flexion of the knee

25
Q

What does the anterior cruciate prevent

A

The femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia, preventing hyperextension

26
Q

What movement does the anterior cruciate limit

A

Medial rotation of the femur

27
Q

Where does the ACL run from/to

A

The anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial side of the lateral condyle of the femur

28
Q

What does the anteromedial band of the ACL limit

A

Flexion

29
Q

What does the posteromedial band of the ACL limit

A

Extension

30
Q

Where does the PCL run from/to

A

The posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the lateral side of the medial condyle of the feumr

31
Q

What does the anteromedial band of the PCL limit

A

Flexion

32
Q

What does the posteromedial band of the PCL limit

A

Extension

33
Q

What are the menisci

A

Wedges of fibrocartilage that deepen the articular surfaces and act as shock absorbers

34
Q

Charcteristics of the middle meniscus

A

C-shaped, broad posteriorly and firmly attached to the tibial collateral ligament

35
Q

Characteristics of the lateral meniscus

A

Circular, freely movable and is an attachment for popliteus

36
Q

What supplies the knee joint

A

The 5 genicular branches, the descending genicular branch, descending branch from the lateral circumflex femoral artery and recurrent branches from the anterior and posterior tibial arteries

37
Q

Where do the 5 genicular branches come from

A

The popliteal artery

38
Q

Where does the descending genicular artery branch from

A

The femoral artery

Anatomy Second Semester (27 decks)

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